Energy-Efficient Design of STAR-RIS Aided MIMO-NOMA Networks

Fang, Fang; Wu, Bing-Fei; Fu, Shu; Ding, Zhiguo; Wang, Xianbin

doi:10.1109/tcomm.2022.3223706

Cited by 38 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Our work differs from [23] by adopting active beamforming at the STAR-RIS and also differs from [15] by employing SWIPT technology. In addition, an energy-efficient element selection mechanism is designed in this paper to mitigate the significant energy consumption of the active STAR-RIS system, in contrast to [13], [14] and [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21]. Under the assumption of weak LoS links between the BS and the users, an active STAR-RIS is deployed, which uses active beamforming to redirect (transmit or reflect) incident signals and simultaneously serves the users with energy and information.…”

Section: B Research Challenges and Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [15], active STAR-RIS was introduced by adopting an efficient gain factor and further gains over the previous unidirectional RIS-assisted systems were numerically demonstrated. The energy-efficient design of a STAR-RIS-aided system with non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) was studied in [16], where the authors invoked classical convex optimisation techniques to jointly control the transmit beamforming at the BS and the phase shift at the STAR-RIS. A novel large-scale fading decoding scheme was proposed in [17] to improve the spectral efficiency of an active STAR-RIS-supported cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system.…”

Section: Introduction a Background And Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Max-Min Fair Energy-Efficient Beamforming Design for Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Aided SWIPT Systems With Non-Linear Energy Harvesting Model

Zargari

Khalili

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.

105

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In this paper, we consider the downlink transmission of a multi-antenna base station (BS) supported by an active simultaneously transmitting and reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) to serve single-antenna users via simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT). In this context, we formulate an energy efficiency maximisation problem that jointly optimises the gain, element selection and phase shift matrices of the active STAR-RIS, the transmit beamforming of the BS and the power splitting ratio of the users. With respect to the highly coupled and non-convex form of this problem, an alternating optimisation solution approach is proposed, using tools from convex optimisation and reinforcement learning. Specifically, semi-definite relaxation (SDR), difference of concave functions (DC), and fractional programming techniques are employed to transform the non-convex optimisation problem into a convex form for optimising the BS beamforming vector and the power splitting ratio of the SWIPT. Then, by integrating meta-learning with the modified deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) and soft actor-critical (SAC) methods, a combinatorial reinforcement learning network is developed to optimise the element selection, gain and phase shift matrices of the active STAR-RIS. Our simulations show the effectiveness of the proposed resource allocation scheme. Furthermore, our proposed active STAR-RISbased SWIPT system outperforms its passive counterpart by 57% on average. Index Terms-Active simultaneously transmitting and reflecting intelligent surface (STAR-RIS), simultaneously wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT), energy efficiency (EE), convex optimisation, meta-learning, deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG), soft actor-critic (SAC).

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Section: B Research Challenges and Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction a Background And Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Max-Min Fair Energy-Efficient Beamforming Design for Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Aided SWIPT Systems With Non-Linear Energy Harvesting Model

Zargari

Khalili

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.

105

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“…NOMA has been considered to be a promising multiple access technique due to its ability to provide enhanced spectral efficiency and connectivity [29], [30]. Recently, STAR-RIS aided NOMA networks have been investigated in several works [31]- [33]. In [31], a STAR-RIS aided NOMA system was investigated to maximize the achievable sum rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [32], a STAR-RIS assisted downlink MISO-NOMA network was considered for maximizing the system energy efficiency. In [33], a STAR-RIS assisted downlink MIMO-NOMA network was considered to investigate the energy-efficient resource allocation. To study the potential benefits of deploying STAR-RIS in wireless-powered transmission, there have been some initial works on STAR-RIS aided wireless-powered systems [34]- [37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Performance Analysis of RIS-Aided DCSK-WPC System With Energy Buffer

Xie

Cai

Kaddoum³

2023

IEEE Trans. Commun.

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In this paper, we propose a simultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) and energy buffer aided multiple-input single-output (MISO) simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system, which consists of a STAR-RIS, an access point (AP), and reflection users and transmission users with energy buffers. In the proposed system, the multi-antenna AP can transmit information and energy to several single-antenna reflection and transmission users simultaneously in a NOMA fashion, where the power transfer and information transmission states of the users are modeled using Markov chains. The reflection and transmission users harvest and store the energy in energy buffers as additional power supplies. The power outage probability, information outage probability, sum throughput, and joint outage probability closed-form expressions of the proposed system are derived over Nakagami-m fading channels, which are validated via simulations. Results demonstrate that the proposed system achieves better performance in comparison to the STAR-RIS aided MISO SWIPT-NOMA buffer-less, conventional RIS and energy buffer aided MISO SWIPT-NOMA, and STAR-RIS and energy buffer aided MISO SWIPT-time-division multiple access (TDMA) systems. Furthermore, a particle swarm optimization based power allocation (PSO-PA) algorithm is designed to maximize the sum throughput with a constraint on the joint outage probability. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed PSO-PA algorithm can achieve an improved sum throughput performance of the proposed system. Index Terms-Simultaneous transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS), energy buffer, simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT), non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), Markov chains.

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“…In many MIMO communication scenarios, more than one user are served by one base station simultaneously. To effectively use the spectrum resources in multi-user MIMO communication scenarios, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technology has been widely adopted [5]- [7]. With the MIMO-NOMA scheme, the base station serves more than one user in the same timefrequency resource blocks, which has been proved to have superior performance than the traditional MIMO-orthogonal multiple access (OMA) scheme, especially at high signal-tonoise-ratios (SNRs) [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GSVD-Based MIMO-NOMA Security Transmission

Rao

Ding

Dai

2021

IEEE Wireless Commun. Lett.

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In recent years, the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) non-orthogonal multiple-access (NOMA) systems have attracted a significant interest in the relevant research communities. As a potential precoding scheme, the generalized singular value decomposition (GSVD) can be adopted in MIMO-NOMA systems and has been proved to have high spectral efficiency. In this paper, the performance of the GSVD-based MIMO-NOMA communications with Rician fading is studied. In particular, the distribution characteristics of generalized singular values (GSVs) of channel matrices are analyzed. Two novel mathematical tools, the linearization trick and the deterministic equivalent method, which are based on operator-valued free probability theory, are exploited to derive the Cauchy transform of GSVs. An iterative process is proposed to obtain the numerical values of the Cauchy transform of GSVs, which can be exploited to derive the average data rates of the communication system. In addition, the special case when the channel is modeled as Rayleigh fading, i.e., the line-of-sight propagation is trivial, is analyzed. In this case, the closed-form expressions of average rates are derived from the proposed iterative process. Simulation results are provided to validate the derived analytical results.Index Terms-Free deterministic equivalents, generalized singular value decomposition (GSVD), linearization trick, multiplyinput multiply-output (MIMO), non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), operator-valued free probability, Rician fading channel.

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Energy-Efficient Design of STAR-RIS Aided MIMO-NOMA Networks

Cited by 38 publications

References 46 publications

Max-Min Fair Energy-Efficient Beamforming Design for Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Aided SWIPT Systems With Non-Linear Energy Harvesting Model

Max-Min Fair Energy-Efficient Beamforming Design for Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Aided SWIPT Systems With Non-Linear Energy Harvesting Model

Design and Performance Analysis of RIS-Aided DCSK-WPC System With Energy Buffer

GSVD-Based MIMO-NOMA Security Transmission

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