Energy-Efficient Downlink for Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access with SWIPT under Constrained Throughput

Abstract

Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) has been proposed recently as an emerging radio access technology for the Fifth Generation (5G) to achieve high spectral efficiency (SE). In addition, simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) has been receiving exceptional attention because of its role in increasing energy efficiency (EE). In this paper, the performance of the downlink SWIPT-NOMA system has been evaluated. In this paper, signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) is derived for near and far users with outage probability for each user, where the near user acts as an energy harvesting (EH) node. The Genetic algorithm (GA) is used as an optimization technique for the power splitting ratio and power allocation coefficients to maximize the EE under eligible SE. The outage probability for the near and far user is taken into consideration for the optimization process. In this work, the results from the SE-EE metric show that the maximum EE reached 0.325 Mbits/J at SE of 9 bits/sec/Hz.On the other hand, the use of radio-frequency (RF) signals for the Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT) has become a valuable source of energy harvesting (EH) because it is able to simultaneously carry both energy and information [17]. Another alternative power source from the wireless transmission that can be exploited by the use of near-field wireless power transfer (WPT) is presented in [18]. EH brings more improvement in energy efficiency compared to conventional cooperative relaying by decreasing the energy consumption. On the other hand, the use of SWIPT may reduce spectral efficiency (SE) [19] because the maximization of the total data rate will achieve higher SE for the next wireless generation.

Performance Optimal for Deploying Relays in Urban Micro Cells on LTE-Advanced Technology

“…In stage 2, the first hand-off deciphers the sign it gets from source, re-encode and send it to other (second for our situation) transfer and the goal. Second transfer joins the got sign from the source and the first hand-off utilizing a maximal-proportion combiner (MRC) as pursue (23) Where is the channel fading coefficient between the 1st and the 2nd relay, denotes the signal received at the 2nd relay from the 1st relay, and can be modeled as (24) Where is the power transmitted at relay 1, finally in phase (N + 1),…”

Energy-Efficient Optimal Power Allocation for SWIPT Based IoT-Enabled Smart Meter

“…The internet of things (IoT) is an open network to transport data over the internet without demanding human to computer interaction. Many studies have been published on IoT, which provides a platform to control smart appliance and sensor devices [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Bedi et al [ 15 ] highlight the evolution of IoT in transforming electric power and energy systems (EPESs) into secure, reliable, and intelligent EPESs.…”

Hybrid Active-and-Passive Relaying Model for 6G-IoT Greencom Networks with SWIPT

“…In case of an active relay (AR), the transmitted signal from the source is received at the relay device and re-transmitted to the end-user after either a direct amplification according to the amplifyand-forward (AF) protocol, or a decoding or quantization process before its re-transmission as a re-encoded signal with message suppression, according to the decode-and-forward (DF) protocol [5,6]. Regarding the facilitation of EH at the end-user, the simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) technique seems promising [7,8]. In this regard, the power-splitting (PS) [9] and time-switching (TS) [10] schemes have been widely considered to deploy SWIPT receivers in practice.…”