Energy-Efficient Method for Wireless Sensor Networks Low-Power Radio Operation in Internet of Things

Energy conservation is a major challenge in the Internet of Things (IoT) as the number of resource‐constrained devices is connected to the network. Routing plays a vital role in IoT to extend the lifespan of the network. Routing protocol for low‐power and lossy networks (RPL) is a standard routing protocol in IoT. The parent selection is a crucial role in the routing process to exchange the data. In RPL, the researchers have introduced a single metric, composite metric, and multiobjective optimization algorithm for parent selection. However, the improper parent selection causes the packet losses, congestion among the network nodes, depletes more energy, and increases the convergence time. To overcome these issues, this article proposes energy efficient optimal parent selection in RPL (EEOPS‐RPL) using firefly optimization algorithm to extend the lifespan of the IoT network. In EEOPS‐RPL, each node in the network is considered to be firefly and also calculates the current location of firefly, attraction of the fireflies, random function, velocity, and the global best values in the network. Residual energy and expected transmission count are attractiveness parameters and distance is a movement parameter to choose the optimum parent in the destination‐oriented directed acyclic graph for data transmission. The simulation is conducted using COOJA. The EEOPS‐RPL provides better performance in comparison to the efficient parent selection for RPL (EPC‐RPL) and the E‐RPL. The EEOPS‐RPL improves the packet transmission ratio and lifespan of the network by 2% to 5%, and 5% to 10%, respectively, compared with EPC‐RPL and E‐RPL. In EEOPS‐RPL, each participant node applies the firefly algorithm over the parent node information such as distance, residual energy, and expected transmission count through DODAG information object control message to pick the best parent node in the DODAG. The firefly algorithm provides the fast convergence that able to choose the optimal parent quickly. Thus, it avoids the packet loss during the route establishment in network. Thus, EEOPS‐RPL extends the lifespan of the network and reduces the convergence time.

show abstract

“…Efficiency of the EEOPS‐RPL is measured using the COOJA network simulator 43‐48 . WISMote is a type of node used to perform a simulation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy efficient optimal parent selection based routing protocol for Internet of Things using firefly optimization algorithm

Sankar¹,

Ramasubbareddy

Luhach

et al. 2020

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Based on [ 29 , 30 ], the total energy consumption of each mote, at the reading (i.e., record) i , is given by the sum of (a) the energy consumption in the CPU state; (b) the energy consumption in the LPM state; (c) the energy consumption in the Tx state; and the average power consumption Listen state, at the reading (i.e., record) i , as shown in the equation below:

where I cpu : the nominal current in the CPU state; I lpm : the nominal current in the LPM state; I tx : the nominal current in the TX state; I rx : the nominal current in the RX state; V cpu : the nominal voltage in the CPU state; V lpm : the nominal voltage in the LPM state; V tx : the nominal voltage in the TX state; V rx : the nominal voltage in the RX state;

…”

Section: Discussion On the Generated Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generating Datasets for Anomaly-Based Intrusion Detection Systems in IoT and Industrial IoT Networks

Essop

Ribeiro

Παπαϊωάννου

et al. 2021

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Over the past few years, we have witnessed the emergence of Internet of Things (IoT) and Industrial IoT networks that bring significant benefits to citizens, society, and industry. However, their heterogeneous and resource-constrained nature makes them vulnerable to a wide range of threats. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel security mechanisms such as accurate and efficient anomaly-based intrusion detection systems (AIDSs) to be developed before these networks reach their full potential. Nevertheless, there is a lack of up-to-date, representative, and well-structured IoT/IIoT-specific datasets which are publicly available and constitute benchmark datasets for training and evaluating machine learning models used in AIDSs for IoT/IIoT networks. Contribution to filling this research gap is the main target of our recent research work and thus, we focus on the generation of new labelled IoT/IIoT-specific datasets by utilising the Cooja simulator. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the Cooja simulator is used, in a systematic way, to generate comprehensive IoT/IIoT datasets. In this paper, we present the approach that we followed to generate an initial set of benign and malicious IoT/IIoT datasets. The generated IIoT-specific information was captured from the Contiki plugin “powertrace” and the Cooja tool “Radio messages”.

show abstract

“…Tmote sky sensor nodes for low-power wireless applications [14], [15] are used, as shown in Figure 2. Tmote sky sensor node is equipped with TI MSP430F1611 microcontroller and a CC2420 RF chip [16], [17]. It is based on ZigBee, an IEEE 802.15.4 standard [18], [19], which operates at 2.4 GHz with a data rate of 250 Kbps.…”

Section: Implementation Of a Multi-hop Wireless Sensor Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation and evaluation of a 2.4 GHz multi-hop WSN: LoS, NLoS, different floors, and outdoor-to-indoor communications

Chaoboworn

Sasiwat

Buranapanichkit

et al. 2021

IJECE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper, the communication reliability of a 2.4 GHz multi-hop wireless sensor network (WSN) in various test scenarios is evaluated through experiments. First, we implement an autonomous communication procedure for a multi-hop WSN on Tmote sky sensor nodes; 2.4 GHz, an IEEE 802.15.4 standard. Here, all nodes including a transmitter node (Tx), forwarder nodes (Fw), and a base station node (BS) can automatically work for transmitting and receiving data. The experiments have been tested in different scenarios including: i) in a room, ii) line-of-sight (LoS) communications on the 2nd floor of a building, iii) LoS and non-line-of-sight (NLoS) communications on the 1st floor to the 2nd floor, iv) LoS and NLoS communications from outdoor to the 1st and the 2nd floors of the building. The experimental results demonstrate that the communication reliability indicated by the packet delivery ratio (PDR) can vary from 99.89% in the case of i) to 14.40% in the case of iv), respectively. Here, the experiments reveal that multi-hop wireless commutations for outdoor to indoor with different floors and NLoS largely affect the PDR results, where the PDR more decreases from the best case (i.e., the case of a)) by 85.49%. Our research methodology and findings can be useful for users and researchers to carefully consider and deploy an efficient 2.4 GHz multi-hop WSN in their works, since different WSN applications require different communication reliability level.

show abstract

Energy-Efficient Method for Wireless Sensor Networks Low-Power Radio Operation in Internet of Things

Cited by 45 publications

References 34 publications

Energy efficient optimal parent selection based routing protocol for Internet of Things using firefly optimization algorithm

Energy efficient optimal parent selection based routing protocol for Internet of Things using firefly optimization algorithm

Generating Datasets for Anomaly-Based Intrusion Detection Systems in IoT and Industrial IoT Networks

Implementation and evaluation of a 2.4 GHz multi-hop WSN: LoS, NLoS, different floors, and outdoor-to-indoor communications

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About