Energy-Efficient Node Deployment in Static and Mobile Heterogeneous Multi-Hop Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

We study a heterogeneous wireless sensor network (WSN) where N heterogeneous access points (APs) gather data from densely deployed sensors and transmit their sensed information to M heterogeneous fusion centers (FCs) via multi-hop wireless communication. This heterogeneous node deployment problem is modeled as an optimization problem with total wireless communication power consumption of the network as its objective function. We consider both static WSNs, where nodes retain their deployed position, and mobile WSNs where nodes can move from their initial deployment to their optimal locations. Based on the derived necessary conditions for the optimal node deployment in static WSNs, we propose an iterative algorithm to deploy nodes. In addition, we study the necessary conditions of the optimal movement-efficient node deployment in mobile WSNs with constrained movement energy, and present iterative algorithms to find such deployments, accordingly. Simulation results show that our proposed node deployment algorithms outperform the existing methods in the literature, and achieves a lower total wireless communication power in both static and mobile WSNs, on average.

Energy-Efficient Deployment in Static and Mobile Heterogeneous Multi-Hop Wireless Sensor Networks

“…The algorithm continues until the stop criterion D old −Dnew D old ≥ ϵ is satisfied, where D old and D new are the cost functions in the previous and current iterations, respectively. The proof of convergence for the LORL algorithm is similar to that of other Lloyd-like algorithms [37].…”

“…( 27) and (28). The proof of convergence for the MERL algorithm is similar to that of the RL algorithm [37].…”

“…Based on the properties explored in this section, we propose a Routing-aware Lloyd (RL) Algorithm, as outlined in Algorithm 1, to optimize the deployment in static heterogeneous multihop WSNs and minimize the objective function in (8). The proof of convergence for the RL algorithm is similar to that of other Lloyd-like algorithms [37].…”

Resource Allocation in Heterogeneously-Distributed Joint Radar-Communications under Asynchronous Bayesian Tracking Framework

“…In [20], resource allocation is considered from the perspective of target location, additional complexities of a heterogeneous radar network were excluded, and only a point-to-point communications systems was examined. Some recent state-of-the-art works [26,27] on combining sensing functionalities in heterogeneous wireless networks (HetNets) explore the effect of varied communications coverage areas on the joint system performance. However, these studies do not explore resource allocation and are not, per se, qualify as JRC systems.…”