Energy-Efficient Power Control of Train–Ground mmWave Communication for High-Speed Trains

Abstract

High speed train system has proven to be a very flexible and attractive system that can be developed under various circumstances and in different contexts and cultures. As a result, high speed trains are widely deployed around the world. Providing more reliable and higher data rate communication services for high speed trains has become one of the most urgent challenges. With vast amounts of spectrum available, the millimeter wave (mmWave) system is able to provide transmission rates of several gigabits per second for high speed trains. At the same time, mmWave communication also suffers from high attenuation, thus higher energy efficiency should be considered. This paper proposes an energy efficient power control scheme of train-ground mmWave communication for high speed trains. Considering a beam switching method for efficient beam alignment, we first establish position prediction model, the realistic direction antenna model and receive power model. And then we allocate the transmission power rationally through the power minimization algorithm while ensuring the total amount of transmission data. Based on this, this paper also develops a hybrid optimization scheme and finds the limit of total energy consumption when the number of segments goes to infinity. Through simulation with various system parameters and taking velocity estimation error into account, we demonstrate the superior performance of our schemes.

Coalition Game based User Association for mmWave Mobile Relay Systems in Rail Traffic Scenarios

“…For Long Term Evolution for Railways(LTE-R), a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel model was adopted [13]. Moreover, in [14], the authors developed a power allocation optimization algorithm of train-ground mmWave communication for HSRs to achieve the goal of energy-efficient. In [15], a fast initial access (IA) scheme was proposed for dual-band HSRs wireless networks.…”

Resource Allocation for Millimeter-Wave Train-Ground Communications in High-Speed Railway Scenarios

“…Gao et al [44] proposed a strategy that can solve the edge caching and content delivery problem for both HSR passengers and low-mobility cellular users. Wang et al [23] proposed an energy-efficient power-control scheme for train-ground mmwave communications in HSR scenarios. However, due to the difficult propagation characteristics of mm-wave and the particularity of HSR scenarios, there are still many challenges ahead.…”

“…To solve the quadratic programming sub-problem (23), the optimal solution S * is taken as the next search direction of the original optimization problem, and a constrained onedimensional search will be performed on the original optimization problem in this search direction. The one-dimensional search mentioned here is also called linear search, which refers to the optimization problems of single-variable function, and it is the basis of multi-variable function optimization problems.…”

Low-Complexity Energy-Efficient Power Allocation With Buffer Constraint in HSR Communications

“…Therefore, The associate editor coordinating the review of this article and approving it for publication was Sohail Jabbar. energy efficiency (EE) has become an important issue for HSR communications due to its profits of the economy and society [7]- [9].…”

“…Additionally, adopting multiple antennas at both transmitter side and receiver side in the HSR communication system, has been recognized as a good way to improve the transmission rate and the EE performance. Wang et al in [7] studied the millimeter wave communication with directional beamforming in HSR, and they proposed an energy-efficient power control scheme with a power minimization algorithm. Zhao et al in [19] and [20] proposed joint resource allocations of subcarriers, antennas, time slots and power in downlink multi-antenna OFDM HSR communication system, to minimize total transmit power and maximize throughput respectively.…”