Energy-efficient separation of organic liquids using organosilica membranes via a reverse osmosis route

Recent Progress in a Membrane-Based Technique for Propylene/Propane Separation

“…Our group proposed the concept of the “spacer technique” by the incorporation of bridged organics, which was confirmed to be effective for tailoring the network sizes of conventional silica membranes [ 36 , 86 ]. Subsequently, the number of studies on the gas separation [ 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 ], pervaporation [ 39 , 90 , 94 ], vapor permeation [ 40 , 95 ], and reverse osmosis [ 37 , 38 , 96 ] using organosilica membranes rapidly increased. Some of the organosilica membranes have also shown great prospects for C 3 H 6 /C 3 H 8 separation, and considerable detailed work has been performed [ 45 , 89 , 93 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 ].…”

“…Prior to the preparation of the top layer, the formation of particle layer and intermediate layer are necessary to reduce the pore size, as demonstrated in Figure 10 a. Once the pore size of the intermediate layer is confirmed to be suitable for the deposition of the top layer, the sol–gel method [ 36 , 38 , 39 , 45 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 103 ] ( Figure 10 b) or the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique [ 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 ] ( Figure 10 c) can be conducted for the fabrication of an organosilica selective layer. In a typical sol–gel process, the polymeric and colloidal sol routes are divided based on the different reaction rates.…”

“…For instance, the large scale production of these membranes for C 3 H 6 /C 3 H 8 separation is still difficult to be achieved. Organosilica membranes, an important part of the membrane family, have shown great applicability on various separation processes, including pervaporation, vapor permeation, reverse osmosis, and gas separations [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ].…”

Shape‐Selective Ultramicroporous Carbon Membranes for Sub‐0.1 nm Organic Liquid Separation

“…Organic solvent reverse osmosis (OSRO) has recently emerged as a highly‐efficient separation process capable of size‐selective separation of liquid aromatics, including xylene isomers, aliphatic compounds, and alcohols. [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ] However, OSRO requires excessive liquid pressure in the feed stream to overcome the transmembrane osmotic pressure gradient. A realistic feed with complex mixtures is often challenging for OSRO when the light component in the feed is dilute that drives up the osmotic pressure over hundreds of bars.…”

SiC mesoporous membranes for sulfuric acid decomposition at high temperatures in the iodine–sulfur process

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] The IS process involves cyclic reactions such as the Bunsen reaction and the thermal decompositions of sulfuric acid at 850-950 C and hydroiodic acid at 450 C. In these cycles, the decomposition of sulfuric acid requires temperatures so high that the heat of solar or nuclear energy must be utilized. 3,[5][6][7] Net reaction: 9 nanoltration, 10 reverse osmosis, 11 and gas separation 12 consume the least amount of energy compared with other separation techniques. 13 Membrane processes also provide a signicant, convenient, and sustainable solution for H 2 and O 2 separation.…”