Energy, environmental and economic investigations of cruise ships powered by alternative fuels

Dotto, A.; Satta, Francesca; Campora, Ugo

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2023.117011

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The WR21 GT simulator, developed in Matlab-Simulink © language, is developed starting to an also presented LM 2500 GT author simulator [15], whose basic approach is the intercomponent volumes method [17][18][19][20]. The WR21 GT model is organized in modular arrangement.…”

Section: Wr21 Gas Turbine Simulator Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Output: outlet duct stagnation pressure and temperature (po and To respectively). (20) the stagnation outlet pressure (po) is determined, where pin loss is the total pressure loss across the GT inlet duct, an equation similar to (15) is employed to calculate this parameter. The outlet section stagnation temperature is determined by the simple equation:…”

Section: Inlet and Outlet Modulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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WR21 marine gas turbine thermodynamic simulator for ship propulsion studies

Ugo Campora

2024

Int. J. Front. Eng. Technol. Res.

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An original modular mathematical model, based on physical laws, for steady state and dynamics performance simulation of the WR21 gas turbine is presented in the paper. The model, developed in Matlab-Simulink language, is organized in modular form. Each gas turbine component (i.e. compressor, turbine, combustor, heat exchanger) is modelled in a specific simulator block, that simulates the performance of its pertinent component by means of steady state performance maps and/or correlations, time dependent momentum, energy and mass equations, nonlinear algebraic equations. The great application flexibility of the component simulator modules, allows to modelling any gas turbine layout (i.e. axial or radial flow compressor and turbine, rotating shafts number, heat exchangers). The WR21gas turbine, developed mainly for marine propulsion application, is a three shafts gas turbine with thermal regeneration. It is characterized by a high thermodynamic efficiency, which remains high up to 30% of the design power. The WR21 simulator results are validated by comparison with manufacturer or literature data. The WR21 gas turbine main performances are compared to those of the LM 2500 gas turbine, obtained by a previously author paper. The LM 2500 is the gas turbine currently most used in naval propulsion plants. In the article, a comparison between the steady state working data of the two gas turbines is reported in tabular and graphical form and commented.

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Section: Wr21 Gas Turbine Simulator Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inlet and Outlet Modulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

WR21 marine gas turbine thermodynamic simulator for ship propulsion studies

Ugo Campora

2024

Int. J. Front. Eng. Technol. Res.

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“…The costly equipment required to liquefy hydrogen and transport it as liquid are additional factor (Kojima, 2019). Table 1 shows the thermodynamic properties of alternative fuels (Dotto et al, 2023).…”

Section: Using Alternative Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Decarbonization Methods on Ships

Bayramoğlu

2023

Journal of Marine and Engineering Technology

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Reducing CO2 emissions from ships is regulated by IMO due to global warming. The regulations aim to reduce carbon emissions gradually. This paper highlights the most recent developments for reducing carbon emissions from ships in compliance with the applicable regulations. Basically, three different techniques are used to reduce carbon emissions. These are the use of clean alternative fuels that do not contain carbon atoms such as Hydrogen and Ammonia, the other is the use of ship propulsion systems that can be propelled by electricity, and finally the use of carbon capture systems. As a result of the study, the potentials, advantages and disadvantages of the techniques used are mentioned. As a result of the study, it is seen that carbon capture systems reduce carbon emissions up to 90% levels. It is one of the findings that CO2 emissions can be significantly reduced with appropriate storage practices.

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“…Solar energy is an inexhaustible, clean and renewable natural resource, and hydrogen can serve as an energy carrier for solar energy with a high energy conversion efficiency and zero carbon, and the only byproduct is water. As is well known, photocatalysis is a potential economical, environmentally friendly, simple and efficient method that utilizes solar energy upon catalysts to promote the decomposition of water for generating green hydrogen [3][4][5][6][7][8]. However, some factors lead to low water splitting efficiency in the photocatalytic process, such as limited light absorption, excessive charge carriers' recombination and interface reaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of Inverse–Opal ZnIn2S4 with Well–Defined 3D Porous Structure for Enhancing Photocatalytic H2 Production

Xie,

Wu,

et al. 2024

Nanomaterials

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The conversion of solar energy into hydrogen using photocatalysts is a pivotal solution to the ongoing energy and environmental challenges. In this study, inverse opal (IO) ZnIn2S4 (ZIS) with varying pore sizes is synthesized for the first time via a template method. The experimental results indicate that the constructed inverse opal ZnIn2S4 has a unique photonic bandgap, and its slow photon effect can enhance the interaction between light and matter, thereby improving the efficiency of light utilization. ZnIn2S4 with voids of 200 nm (ZIS–200) achieved the highest hydrogen production rate of 14.32 μ mol h−1. The normalized rate with a specific surface area is five times higher than that of the broken structures (B–ZIS), as the red edge of ZIS–200 is coupled with the intrinsic absorption edge of the ZIS. This study not only developed an approach for constructing inverse opal multi–metallic sulfides, but also provides a new strategy for enriching efficient ZnIn2S4–based photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution from water.

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Energy, environmental and economic investigations of cruise ships powered by alternative fuels

Cited by 19 publications

References 50 publications

WR21 marine gas turbine thermodynamic simulator for ship propulsion studies

WR21 marine gas turbine thermodynamic simulator for ship propulsion studies

Evaluation of Decarbonization Methods on Ships

Construction of Inverse–Opal ZnIn2S4 with Well–Defined 3D Porous Structure for Enhancing Photocatalytic H2 Production

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