Energy, exergy, economic and environmental analyses of solar air heating systems with and without thermal energy storage for sustainable development: A systematic review
“…Solar energy plays an important role in achieving and promoting sustainable development [ 55 ], and this is represented by two axes as shown in Fig. 14 : Fig.…”
“…Solar energy plays an important role in achieving and promoting sustainable development [ 55 ], and this is represented by two axes as shown in Fig. 14 : Fig.…”
“…Energy and exergy analyses are crucial for assessing the efficiency of a solar collector. [51,52] Many researchers commonly utilize the following mathematical equations to evaluate the performance of SWH systems. [51,[53][54][55][56][57][58] These equations are supplemented with empirical data gathered from real-world experiments, which are then integrated into the equations for analysis and evaluation purposes.…”
Section: Mathematical Model For Swhmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[53,226,227] Material: Zinc Geometry: V-corrugated Purposes: The utilization of zinc-based collectors has received significant attention in the research community, suggesting zinc as a promising primary material for FPC. Pambudi et al [52] conducted a study indicating that zinc exhibits favorable production costs and maintains high-efficiency levels. To advance our understanding, further comprehensive investigations are warranted to explore the extensive utilization of zinc as the primary material for collectors and heat absorbers.…”
A solar water heater (SWH) converts solar radiation into thermal energy for various purposes, and its technology has experienced numerous developments. Many studies have focused on developing, optimizing, and analyzing the technological configurations of SWH to improve its thermal efficiency, but they rarely achieve 80% efficiency. This review aims to provide a broad overview of SWH, including the energetic and exergetic approaches and analyses, technological development, and examines advantages, disadvantages, and further developments. Various collectors of the SWH and related studies are also highlighted, and the results identify the technical and policy challenges of the implementation. Suggested potential solutions to these challenges are presented with further directions. Furthermore, this study also discusses the limitations of the current SWH technology by presenting the specifications and characteristics. It also presents the mathematical equation model often used, the technology potential, and the results of the latest studies and developments regarding SWH technology. The prospects for further development of the most promising SWH should be analyzed.
Solar energy’s most promising application is in water heating, followed by other solar thermal applications. In this investigation, a novel method of incorporating a phase-change material (PCM) between the annulus space of an evacuated tube and an aluminum finned heat pipe is employed. During day time, the PCM stores the excess amount of heat and releases it in order to heat the flowing water during high-demand/insufficient solar radiation. This study aims to evaluate the detailed heat transfer assessment and energetic and exergetic efficiencies of the developed PCM-integrated solar water heater in both clear and cloudy weather conditions at 20 LPH. The outcomes of the study found that the maximum useful amounts of energy collected daily for the clear and cloudy days were 10.65 MJ and 8.52 MJ, respectively, whereas temperatures of the stored water were found to be 45.2 °C and 41.4 °C on the next day at 6:00 a.m. for the corresponding days. The daily energetic and exergetic outputs of the designed system were 76.57% and 79.64%, and 2.37% and 1.38%, respectively, at fixed mass flow rate for the clear and cloudy day conditions. The overall heat transfer coefficients (UL) for both days were 0.75 and 0.72 W/m2 K, respectively. The findings show that the proposed system overcomes the issue of overheated heat pipes and can provide hot water even in cloudy/low-sunshine conditions.
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