Energy Expenditure of a Male and Female Tennis Player during Association of Tennis Professionals/Women’s Tennis Association and Grand Slam Events Measured by Doubly Labeled Water

Ellis, Daniel G.; Speakman, John R.; Hambley, Catherine; Morton, James P.; Close, Graeme L.; Lewindon, Dan; Donovan, T.

doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000002745

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…No previous studies have assessed the TDEE using the DLW approach in a representative group of Paralympic athletes. Our data revealed an average TDEE of approximately 2900 kcal•d −1 , which aligns with a recent case study of a wheelchair tennis player, where the TDEE measured by DLW was reported to be between 3118 and 3368 kcal•d −1 (24). These TDEE data of Paralympic athletes are considerably higher than estimates of the energy requirements derived from analyzing the energy intake of weight-stable athletes with SCI (16) and wheelchair athletes (14), with energy intakes ranging from 1500 to 2300 kcal•d −1 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Energy Requirements of Paralympic Athletes: Insights from the Doubly Labeled Water Approach

WEIJER,

JONVIK,

VAN DAM

et al. 2024

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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Purpose Advanced insight in energy requirements of Paralympic athletes is imperative for optimizing their nutritional counseling. Given the lack of accurate data on total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) of Paralympic athletes, this study aimed to assess energy expenditure and nutritional intake of a large cohort of Paralympic athletes, across different sports and disabilities. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 48 Dutch and Norwegian Paralympic athletes (19 male/29 female) with various disabilities, competing in Para cycling, wheelchair tennis, wheelchair basketball, Para Nordic skiing and alpine skiing participated. TDEE was assessed by the gold standard doubly labeled water method over a 14-day period, resting metabolic rate (RMR) by ventilated hood indirect calorimetry, energy intake (EI) by three unannounced 24 h-dietary recalls, body composition by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry and exercise training duration by a training log. Results Mean TDEE was 2908 ± 797 kcal/day, ranging from 2322 ± 340 kcal/day for wheelchair basketball players to 3607 ± 1001 kcal/day for Para cyclists. Regression analysis identified fat-free mass, exercise duration, and the presence of a spinal cord disorder as the primary predictors of TDEE, explaining up to 73% of the variance in TDEE. Athletes' EI (2363 ± 905 kcal/day) was below their TDEE, while their body mass remained constant, indicating underreporting. Carbohydrate intake (4.1 ± 1.9 g/kg body mass) was low, even when considering underreporting, while protein intake (1.8 ± 0.6 g/kg body mass) was relatively high. Conclusions Paralympic athletes display moderate to high energy expenditure, varying across sports and individuals. Much of the variation in TDEE can be attributed to individual differences in fat free mass and exercise duration. This study establishes the benchmarks for energy requirements of Paralympic athletes, serving as the foundation for future dietary guidelines within this population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Energy Requirements of Paralympic Athletes: Insights from the Doubly Labeled Water Approach

WEIJER,

JONVIK,

VAN DAM

et al. 2024

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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“…When compared to our previous data from a male AB player, we report lower absolute TEE during training (3177 vs 3712 kcal•day −1 ) and competition (3368 vs 5520 kcal•day −1 ). 21 To the best of our knowledge, currently no DLW data exists that has explored the TEE of full-time paralympic athletes to compare. To contextualise the data shown here, TEE during P3 is comparable to that of AB English Premier League soccer players (3566 ± 585 kcal•day −1 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case-study: Energy expenditure of a world class male wheelchair tennis player during training, Grand Slam and British Open tournaments measured by doubly labelled water

Ellis

Speakman

Hambly

et al. 2023

International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching

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The assessment of total energy expenditure (TEE) is imperative to ensure appropriate fuelling during competition and training, although the current lack of TEE research in para sport make the prescription of nutritional strategies challenging. This study aimed to assess TEE of an elite wheelchair tennis (WT) player during training and competition of the highest level. One male WT player (age 23.6 years; career high World No. 1; body mass 65.7 kg; VO2max, 45.3 ml.kg−1.min−1) participated. Prior to the assessment, VO2max and maximum heart rate, resting metabolic rate, 10 m sprint speed and upper body skinfold measurements were made. Doubly labelled water assessed TEE during a 19-day period which included the Wimbledon Championships (5 days-3 matches), training (8 days) and the British Open (BO) (6 days-7 matches). Throughout data collection, the participant continued their usual training and preparation. During Wimbledon, TEE was 3118 kcal·d−1: 60.3 kcal·kg−1 FFM: PAL 2.0 and during BO was 3368 kcal·day−1: 65.1 kcal·kg−1 FFM: PAL 2.2. Mean daily activity was 124 mins and 132 mins, respectively. During training, TEE was 3177kcal·day-1: 61.4kcal·kg-1 FFM: PAL 2.0: mean daily activity was 138 mins. These findings show the TEE of an elite WT player captured during a period of training and high-level competition, alongside data outlining the physiological profile of a world-class para-athlete.

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“…In practice, DLW is often used to assess energy expenditure, in order to inform on optimal energy intake in various situations (11,(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27). Energy expenditure is calculated from CO 2 production using an (estimated) respiratory quotient or measured food quotient (4,10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Approach to Improve the Validity of Doubly Labeled Water to Assess CO2 Production during High-Energy Turnover

Hooren

Most

Collombon

et al. 2022

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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Purpose: Accurate measurement of energy expenditure (EE) using doubly labeled water depends on the estimate of total body water (TBW). The aims of this study were to 1) assess the accuracy of a new approach for estimating TBW and EE during high-energy turnover and 2) assess the accuracy of day-to-day assessment of EE with this new approach. Methods: EE was measured in six healthy subjects (three male) for 5 consecutive days using three doubly labeled water methods: 1) the plateau, 2) slope-intercept, and 3) overnight-slope method, with whole-room indirect calorimetry as reference method. Urine samples were collected every evening and morning. High EE (physical activity level of >2.5) was achieved by cycling 4 h•d −1 . Results: Physical activity level was 2.8 ± 0.1. TBW values were 41.9 ± 6.1, 38.4 ± 5.7, and 40.4 ± 5.8 L for the plateau, slope-intercept, and overnight-slope methods, respectively. The overnight-slope method showed the highest accuracy in estimated CO 2 production, when compared with indirect calorimetry over the complete 5-d period (mean ± SD difference, 0.9% ± 1.6%). The plateau method significantly overestimated CO 2 production by 4.7% ± 2.6%, whereas the slope-intercept method underestimated CO 2 production (−3.4% ± 2.3%). When CO 2 production was assessed per day, the overnight-slope method showed an average difference of 9.4% ± 4.5% to indirect calorimetry. Conclusions: The overnight-slope method resulted in a more accurate estimation of CO 2 production and EE compared with the plateau or slope-intercept method over a 5-d period in high physical activity conditions. Day-to-day determination of EE using the overnight-slope method was more accurate than diet recall and several standard prediction equations in athletes.

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Energy Expenditure of a Male and Female Tennis Player during Association of Tennis Professionals/Women’s Tennis Association and Grand Slam Events Measured by Doubly Labeled Water

Abstract: The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of the record. Please see the repository URL above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription.

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

Energy Requirements of Paralympic Athletes: Insights from the Doubly Labeled Water Approach

Energy Requirements of Paralympic Athletes: Insights from the Doubly Labeled Water Approach

Case-study: Energy expenditure of a world class male wheelchair tennis player during training, Grand Slam and British Open tournaments measured by doubly labelled water

A New Approach to Improve the Validity of Doubly Labeled Water to Assess CO2 Production during High-Energy Turnover

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