Energy from Combustion of Rice Straw: Status and Challenges to China

Liu, Zhiqiang; Xu, Aixiang; Long, Bin

doi:10.4236/epe.2011.33040

Cited by 98 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Here, we have demonstrated a NADES pretreatment method for rice straw biomass, which is one of the most abundantly available lignocellulosic biomass residues, particularly in Asian countries. World annual rice straw production is estimated to be >950 million tons and, currently, most of these were utilized for feeding cattle, and still a large portion of the rice straw biomass is burnt in the agricultural fields without much usage, thus not only causing environmental concerns like air pollution but also adversely affecting the health hazard issues for humans (Liu et al 2011;Binod et al 2010). However, it is estimated that this amount of rice straw can potentially produce approximately 205 billion liters of bioethanol annually, which is the largest amount from a single biomass feedstock (Belal 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural deep eutectic solvent mediated pretreatment of rice straw: bioanalytical characterization of lignin extract and enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated biomass residue

Kumar

Parikh

Mohanty

2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

468

201

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The present investigation demonstrated pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass rice straw using natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs), and separation of high-quality lignin and holocellulose in a single step. Qualitative analysis of the NADES extract showed that the extracted lignin was of high purity (>90 %), and quantitative analysis showed that nearly 60 ± 5 % (w/w) of total lignin was separated from the lignocellulosic biomass. Addition of 5.0 % (v/v) water during pretreatment significantly enhanced the total lignin extraction, and nearly 22 ± 3 % more lignin was released from the residual biomass into the NADES extract. X-ray diffraction studies of the untreated and pretreated rice straw biomass showed that the crystallinity index ratio was marginally decreased from 46.4 to 44.3 %, indicating subtle structural alterations in the crystalline and amorphous regions of the cellulosic fractions. Thermogravimetric analysis of the pretreated biomass residue revealed a slightly higher T dcp (295 °C) compared to the T dcp (285 °C) of untreated biomass. Among the tested NADES reagents, lactic acid/choline chloride at molar ratio of 5:1 extracted maximum lignin of 68 ± 4 mg g(-1) from the rice straw biomass, and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis of the residual holocellulose enriched biomass showed maximum reducing sugars of 333 ± 11 mg g(-1) with a saccharification efficiency of 36.0 ± 3.2 % in 24 h at 10 % solids loading.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural deep eutectic solvent mediated pretreatment of rice straw: bioanalytical characterization of lignin extract and enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated biomass residue

Kumar

Parikh

Mohanty

2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

468

201

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“…Rice straw is one of the main agricultural residues in countries such as Egypt, Thailand, China, and especially Japan, where it comprises the largest amount of unused agricultural residue by far (Matsumura et al 2005;Delivand et al 2011;Liu et al 2011;Said et al 2013a). Its energy can be recovered directly through a combustion process, or it can be converted to a valuable energy product through indirect techniques such as gasification and biochemical conversion, after which the products can be burned (Ewida et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of Ash Sintering Precursor Components in Rice Straw by Water Washing

Said¹,

daiem²,

García-Maraver³

et al. 2014

BioResources

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The thermal conversion of rice straw is an attractive option for recovering its energy, but the process requires exhaustive control because of ashrelated problems. Straw washing is one method of reducing ash-related problems and improving combustion behaviour. In this study, the ash of washed and unwashed rice straw samples was chemically characterized, tested using thermogravimetric analysis and environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), and subjected to higher combustion temperatures in a muffle furnace. Results showed that silicon was the most important component in the ash. Furthermore, a reduction in undesirable inorganic compounds related to ash problems, such as chlorine and potassium, was achieved by washing the straw samples. This practice could improve thermal behaviour and decrease the sintering formation of ash.

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“…It is used in the preparation of local foods such as injera, dabbo, genffo, kinchie and shorba and local beverages like tela and areki [7,10]. The straw is mainly used as fuel, feed stuff, fertilizer and industrial raw material [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance for Yield and its Related Traits in Rainfed Lowland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes at Fogera and Pawe, Ethiopia

Abebe¹,

Alamerew²,

Tulu³

2017

Adv Crop Sci Tech

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The present study consists of 36 rice genotypes that were evaluated at two locations, namely Fogera and Pawe to study genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for grain yield and 13 yield associated traits. The experiment was conducted using 6 × 6 simple lattice design across two locations with two replications during the 2015/2016 main cropping season. The combined analysis of variance revealed statistically significant differences (p<0.05) indicating the existence of genetic variability among the 36 genotypes for all the traits studied. Genotype × location interactions were significant for days to maturity, plant height, panicle length, culm length, flag leaf length, number of filled grain per panicle, number of total spikelet per panicle, days to heading, biomass yield, grain yield and harvest index. Significant differences were observed for grain yield that ranged from 6759.00 to 2886.00 kg hawith overall mean value of 5370.0 kg ha -1 . Higher PCV and GCV values were exhibited by plant height, culm length, number of unfilled grain per panicle, biomass yield and grain yield, which suggests the possibility of improving this trait through selection. The highest heritability was recorded for culm length followed by plant height, biomass yield and panicle length. High to medium heritability coupled with high GCV and high genetic advance as percentage of means were exhibited for plant height, biomass yield, grain yield and number of unfilled grain per panicle. High genetic advances as percent of means were recorded by plant height, culm length, biomass yield, grain yield and number of unfilled grain per panicle.

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Energy from Combustion of Rice Straw: Status and Challenges to China

Cited by 98 publications

References 13 publications

Natural deep eutectic solvent mediated pretreatment of rice straw: bioanalytical characterization of lignin extract and enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated biomass residue

Natural deep eutectic solvent mediated pretreatment of rice straw: bioanalytical characterization of lignin extract and enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated biomass residue

Reduction of Ash Sintering Precursor Components in Rice Straw by Water Washing

Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance for Yield and its Related Traits in Rainfed Lowland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes at Fogera and Pawe, Ethiopia

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