Energy-Harvesting Applications and Efficient Power Processing

Hehn, Thorsten; Hoffmann, Daniel; Kuhl, Matthias; Leicht, Joachim; Lotze, Niklas; Moranz, Christian; Rossbach, D.; Ylli, Klevis; Manoli, Yiannos

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-22093-2_19

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Moreover, the generated power exhibits very interesting stability versus the frequency variations. According to the state of the art of nanopower energy harvesting electronic interface circuits, piezoelectric voltages as low as 200 mV can be stepped-up to application requirements, typically in the range of 1.2 -5 V, with more than 80% energy efficiency [61].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piezo-generator integrating a vertical array of GaN nanowires

et al. 2016

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We demonstrate the first piezo-generator integrating a vertical array of GaN nanowires (NWs). We perform a systematic multi-scale analysis, going from single wire properties to macroscopic device fabrication and characterization, which allows us to establish for GaN NWs the relationship between the material properties and the piezo-generation, and to propose an efficient piezo-generator design. The piezo-conversion of individual MBE-grown p-doped GaN NWs in a dense array is assessed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) equipped with a Resiscope module yielding an average output voltage of 228 ± 120 mV and a maximum value of 350 mV generated per NW. In the case of p-doped GaN NWs, the piezo-generation is achieved when a positive piezo-potential is created inside the nanostructures, i.e. when the NWs are submitted to compressive deformation. The understanding of the piezo-generation mechanism in our GaN NWs, gained from AFM analyses, is applied to design a piezo-generator operated under compressive strain. The device consists of NW arrays of several square millimeters in size embedded into spin-on glass with a Schottky contact for rectification and collection of piezo-generated carriers. The generator delivers a maximum power density of ∼12.7 mW cm(-3). This value sets the new state of the art for piezo-generators based on GaN NWs and more generally on nitride NWs, and offers promising prospects for the use of GaN NWs as high-efficiency ultra-compact energy harvesters.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Piezo-generator integrating a vertical array of GaN nanowires

et al. 2016

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“…In contrast, the energy-management circuit can be based on discrete components [20], MEMS circuits [25,26], or commercial converters in a chip [27]. The circuit with discrete components was built using basic power electronic components, including diodes, switches, and comparators, which increase the circuit size and complexity.…”

Section: Energy Management For Em Convertermentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibration Converter with Passive Energy Management for Battery-Less Wireless Sensor Nodes in Predictive Maintenance

et al. 2022

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Predictive maintenance is becoming increasingly important in industry and requires continuous monitoring to prevent failures and anticipate maintenance processes, resulting in reduced downtime. Vibration is often used for failure detection and equipment conditioning as it is well correlated to the machine’s operation and its variation is an indicator of process changes. In this context, we propose a novel energy-autonomous wireless sensor system that is able to measure without the use of batteries and automatically deliver alerts once the machine has an anomaly by the variation in acceleration. For this, we designed a wideband electromagnetic energy harvester and realized passive energy management to supply a wireless sensor node, which does not need an external energy supply. The advantage of the solution is that the designed circuit is able to detect the failure without the use of additional sensors, but by the Analog Digital Converter (ADC) of the Wireless Sensor Nodes (WSN) themselves, which makes it more compact and have lower energy consumption. The electromagnetic converter can harvest the relevant energy levels from weak vibration, with an acceleration of 0.1 g for a frequency bandwidth of 7 Hz. Further, the energy-management circuit enabled fast recharging of the super capacitor on a maximum of 31 s. The designed energy-management circuit consists of a six-stage voltage multiplier circuit connected to a wide-band DC-DC converter, as well as an under-voltage lock-out (UVLO) circuit to connect to the storage device to the WSN. In the failure condition with a frequency of 13 Hz and an acceleration of 0.3 g, the super capacitor recharging time was estimated to be 24 s. The proposed solution was validated by implementing real failure detection scenarios with random acceleration levels and, alternatively, modus. The results show that the WSN can directly measure the harvester’s response and decide about the occurrence of failure based on its characteristic threshold voltage without the use of an additional sensor.

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A 2.6 $\mu \text{W}$ –1.2 mW Autonomous Electromagnetic Vibration Energy Harvester Interface IC with Conduction-Angle-Controlled MPPT and up to 95% Efficiency

Leicht

Manoli

2017

IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits

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Energy-Harvesting Applications and Efficient Power Processing

Cited by 3 publications

References 62 publications

Piezo-generator integrating a vertical array of GaN nanowires

Piezo-generator integrating a vertical array of GaN nanowires

Vibration Converter with Passive Energy Management for Battery-Less Wireless Sensor Nodes in Predictive Maintenance

A 2.6 $\mu \text{W}$ –1.2 mW Autonomous Electromagnetic Vibration Energy Harvester Interface IC with Conduction-Angle-Controlled MPPT and up to 95% Efficiency

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