Energy Intake and Monounsaturated Fat in Relation to Bone Mineral Density among Women and Men in Greece

Trichopoulou, A.; Georgiou, Evangelos; Bassiakos, Yiannis; Lipworth, Loren; Λάγιου, Παγώνα; Proukakis, C.; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios

doi:10.1006/pmed.1997.0160

Cited by 83 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…It is likely that the MUFA: PUFA ratio possibly reflects the effects of n-6 PUFA more than those of MUFA, but the point estimates of relative risk for higher levels of MUFA intake were lower than 1, suggesting a protection. In addition, these results are consistent with a previous cross-sectional study conducted in Greece, which reported that MUFA intake was associated with a higher bone mineral density (Trichopoulou et al, 1997). However, to our knowledge, no previous study has specifically assessed Abbreviations: MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; SFA, saturated fatty acids.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Total fat intake (Kato et al, 2000;Macdonald et al, 2004) and, more specifically, saturated fat intake (Corwin et al, 2006) have been reported to be associated with a higher risk of bone loss and osteoporotic fractures. However, a previous study conducted in a Mediterranean country has reported a beneficial role for monounsaturated fat (MUFA) (Trichopoulou et al, 1997), whereas some studies have also found associations between high polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) intake and lower bone density (Macdonald et al, 2004;Weiss et al, 2005). We evaluated the association between fat intake, serum lipids and the risk of osteoporotic fractures using a case-control design.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Dietary fat intake and the risk of osteoporotic fractures in the elderly

et al. 2007

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Objective: To explore the association between fat intake, serum lipids and the risk of osteoporotic fractures in the elderly. Design: A hospital-based case-control study. Setting: The study was conducted at a tertiary centre and referral hospital for the province of Jaén (Spain). Subjects: Cases (n ¼ 167) were patients aged 65 years or more with a low-energy fracture selected from the population attended at the hospital. Controls (patients without antecedents of any fracture) were 1:1 matched to cases by sex and age (n ¼ 167). Methods: Diet was assessed by a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Serum total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were also measured. Results: Participants in the two upper quartiles of polyunsaturated fat (PUFA) intake showed an increased risk of fracture, with statistically significant differences with respect to the first quartile in the adjusted model (odds ratio (OR) ¼ 3.59; 95% confidence interval (CI) ¼ 1.06-12.1 and OR ¼ 5.88; 95% CI ¼ 1.38-25.02); P ¼ 0.01 for the trend test). A higher ratio of monounsaturated fat (MUFA) to PUFA was associated with a reduced risk of fracture (OR ¼ 0.20; 95% CI ¼ 0.07-0.60 for the fourth quartile; P ¼ 0.002 for the trend test). The intake of omega-6 fatty acids was associated with an elevated risk of fracture (OR ¼ 3.41; 95% CI ¼ 1.05-11.15 for the fourth quartile; P ¼ 0.01 for the trend test). HDL-cholesterol levels were inversely associated with the risk of fracture (test for trend P ¼ 0.03 across quartiles). Conclusions: PUFA intake was associated with an increased risk of osteoporotic fractures in the elderly, whereas a high ratio of MUFA:PUFA was associated with decreased risk.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Dietary fat intake and the risk of osteoporotic fractures in the elderly

et al. 2007

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“…There have been few reports relating fat intake to BMD. A study from Greece linked intake of monounsaturated fat positively with BMD in men and women (Trichopoulou et al, 1997). Similarly, protein intake has been shown to help maintain bone density in the elderly (Schurch et al, 1998) and in premenopausal women (Cooper et al, 1996;Teegarden et al, 1998) although animal protein may be detrimental in excess (Lindsay, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal diet during pregnancy is associated with bone mineral density in children: a longitudinal study

2000

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Objective: To describe the association between maternal diet during the third trimester of pregnancy and bone mass in 8 y-old male and female children. Design: Longitudinal study. Setting: Southern Tasmania between 1988 and 1996. Subjects: One-hundred and seventy-three 8 -y-old male and female children with adequate maternal dietary information taking part in a study of bone mineralization. Results: After adjustment for confounders, femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) was positively associated with magnesium and phosphorus density of the maternal diet; lumbar spine BMD was positively associated with magnesium, phosphorus and potassium and negatively associated with fat density while total body BMD was positively associated with magnesium, potassium and protein and negatively associated with fat density (all P`0.05). After further adjustment for other signi®cant dietary factors, the only signi®cant remaining associations observed were for phosphorus and fat at the lumbar spine, although the adjusted goodness of ®t of the models improved compared to those including one dietary variable. A child in the`optimal' levels of dietary exposures had signi®cantly higher adjusted BMD at all sites (femoral neck, 5.5%, lumbar spine, 12%, total body, 6.8%). Calcium intake was not associated with BMD at any site, possibly due to a high average intake. Conclusions: This study reports a substantial association between in utero diet in a well-nourished population and later bone mass in their children. However, it does not allow identi®cation of the dietary components of greatest importance, indicating that these results should be regarded as hypothesis-generating. Further longitudinal studies in other populations are required to con®rm that dietary manipulation during pregnancy has a role to play in the early life prevention of osteoporosis.

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“…In contrast, some of the studies in humans did not find any effect on bone markers [40] while some showed reduction in bone loss by measuring deoxypyridinolines and N-telopeptide of Type I collagen in the urine [8,38,39,41]. Two studies found a positive correlation between monounsaturated fat in the diet and bone density [42,43]. This is supported by Martinez-Ramirez et al [44] who demonstrated that a higher ratio of monounsaturated fat in the diet was associated with a reduced risk of fracture in the elderly.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 97%