Energy management and techno‐economic assessment of a predictive battery storage system applying a load levelling operational strategy in island systems

Abstract

In the present study, a predictive battery energy storage system (BESS) for application in geographical non-interconnected islands with high renewable energy penetration is proposed, capable of performing load levelling. The system under consideration is composed of diesel and heavy oil generators, a photovoltaic farm and a small wind turbine. The proposed solution integrates machine learning (ML) methods for the forecasting of load and intermittent solar and wind power productions, alongside a custom scheduling algorithm, which calculates the necessary BESS setpoints that accomplish the desired levelling effect. An important feature of the scheduling algorithm is that the charge and discharge energy amounts of each day are by design equal and independent of the forecasts' accuracy. This aspect enables economic investigations to identify the appropriate BESS capacity for the particular system, taking also into account the battery's capacity degradation. The overall system is modelled and simulated utilizing the open-source languages Python and Modelica. Simulations presented a 9.8% peak-to-mean ratio (PMR) reduction of the thermal plant's load. Furthermore, economic investigations estimated a marginal BESS cost of 287.1 €/kWh revealing the financial viability of the proposed integrated system, in at least the case of geographical islands.

A systematic review of energy management system based on various adaptive controllers with optimization algorithm on a smart microgrid

“…So the uncertainty behaviors of the REs should be predicted by a fuzzy solver, for that the power flow problem is required to be investigated. Iliadis et al 104 discussed the ML algorithms to solve an EMS approach. Such an approach finds accurate load performance in the upcoming hours and forecasts the PV and wind power.…”

Techno‐economic assessment and optimization of a standalone residential hybrid energy system for sustainable energy utilization

“…Figure 1 visualizes the comprehensive conceptual framework for the improvement of generic hybrid energy systems with their proper validation before the final implementation in an urban area. The similar kind of configurations can be easily replicated for sustainable energy utilization in any other urban areas 41 . The mentioned figure shows the typical configuration of HES for residential energy requirements of the urban area.…”

Enhancing the self‐resilience of high‐ renewable energy sources, interconnected islanding areas through innovative energy production, storage, and management technologies: Grid simulations and energy assessment

“…For electrical storage, batteries (BESS) can provide energy and power support to local autonomous networks or weak grids inside islanding areas, to maximize RES contribution, whilst they can provide ancillary services such as voltage, frequency regulation, and reactive power support for DSOs/TSOs. 12 In addition, where applicable, pumped hydro systems are currently more and more frequently installed in islands, since their storage capabilities are the highest available, flattening the demand curve and absorbing any excess of energy producing, whilst reducing curtailment, and supporting demand response practices. 13 Centralized thermal storage for heating offers a solution that can be applied to many islands, combined with district heating (DH), from the very small, for example, in the case of Agios Efstratios in Greece or larger ones such as Samsø in Denmark.…”

“…The further advancement and marketization of storage technologies in private households or centralized systems are at the heart of scientific research. For electrical storage, batteries (BESS) can provide energy and power support to local autonomous grids or weak grids inside islanding areas, to maximize RES contribution, whilst they can provide ancillary services such as voltage and frequency regulation and reactive power support [12], for the DSOs/TSOs. Additionally, where applicable, pumped hydro storage systems are currently more and more frequently installed in islands, since their storage capabilities are currently the highest available, flattening the demand curve and absorbing any excess of energy producing, whilst reducing curtailment, and supporting demand response actions [13].…”