Energy management in plastics processing — framework for measurement, assessment and prediction

Kent, Robin

doi:10.1179/174328908x283285

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…It is observed from Figure 12 a decrease in the SEC as the phr of leather residues increases, the same behavior was observed in Ref. 37 where the torque value is influenced by the shape and size of the filler, reflected in the SEC variation.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

Effect of particle size of leather wastes on the processing, vulcanization, and physico-mechanical properties of natural rubber/leather wastes composites

Yepes

Cardona

Restrepo

et al. 2021

Journal of Composite Materials

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In this work, the effect of particle size and the content of leather wastes on the processability, vulcanization, and mechanical properties of a natural rubber/leather wastes composites was studied. From a reduction process, leather waste was later sieved to classify particles smaller than 0.6 mm and particles between 0.84 and 2 mm, hereafter called fine and coarse residues, respectively. The morphology of the wastes was analyzed from scanning electron microscopy micrographs. Natural rubber/leather wastes composites with 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 phr (parts per 100 parts of rubber) of treated leather wastes were obtained in a torque rheometer. Mixtures with coarse wastes exhibited a slightly higher torque than mixtures with the fine wastes; additionally, increasing the wastes content yields in an increased torque during the final stage of the process. The addition of leather wastes increased the vulcanization time and stiffness of the composites; additionally, materials with fine wastes showed lower vulcanization times compared to materials with coarse wastes. Composites with fine leather wastes exhibited higher density and tensile modulus than materials with coarse wastes; however, only the composites with 80 and 100 phr of wastes showed a statistically significant difference in hardness values. The specific energy consumption (SEC) was calculated from the results obtained with the torque rheometer; it was found that for all the formulations the SEC decreased as the phr of leather residues increased. It was found that it is possible to use leather wastes in natural rubber composites, to obtain adequate materials feasible for some applications.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 69%

Effect of particle size of leather wastes on the processing, vulcanization, and physico-mechanical properties of natural rubber/leather wastes composites

Yepes

Cardona

Restrepo

et al. 2021

Journal of Composite Materials

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“…4, corresponds to each analyzed machine from Table 1 and they are an average of five cycles analyzed. The same behavior presented in other studies was observed (R. Kent 2008b). When the machine output rises, the SEC drops.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The SEC is correlated with the production volume (Iwko and Steller 2018;Thiriez and Gutowski 2006). The most complete and welldocumented study of external benchmarking of injection molding machines was published by Kent (D. R. Kent 2008a;R. Kent 2008b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Definition and evaluation of good manufacturing practices for plastic injection molding

Ledezma

Correa

2023

Energy Efficiency

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In this work, the impact of good manufacturing practices (GMP) on the specific energy consumption (SEC) of plastic injection molding process, in 9 representative companies in Colombia, was studied. The GMP applied to the injection molding process and the degree to which they are adopted by the companies were defined. Afterwards, the SEC of 17 representative injection molding processes in those companies were evaluated. Finally, the impact of applying the GMP and their effect on SEC were studied. The degree of application of GMP on the analyzed companies ranges from 35 to 72%. A single SEC value could not be established for all the injection systems, because it depends on the injected weight and the productivity of each mold-machine-material combination. Nevertheless, a characteristic curve was defined for different systems. A relationship between the application of GMP and SEC was found. It was observed that all GMP contributed to improve the SEC, with different significance, ranging the relevance from 6 to 14%. Finally, it was concluded, taking in consideration a representative company, that “Plasticizing” and “Drive Units” were the most relevant categories to impact the SEC.

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“…In processes, VP printers use significantly less energy than FFF printers, even when post-processing is included. However, both AM technologies require significantly higher energy consumption values than injection molding and polymer extrusion [109]. Figure 18 shows the range of energy consumption values found for each printer category used in the study by Hopkins et al [20], compared to reported values for injection molding and extrusion [20,109].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Energy Efficiency in Additive Manufacturing: Condensed Review

Fidan,

Naikwadi,

Alkunte

et al. 2024

Technologies

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Today, it is significant that the use of additive manufacturing (AM) has growing in almost every aspect of the daily life. A high number of sectors are adapting and implementing this revolutionary production technology in their domain to increase production volumes, reduce the cost of production, fabricate light weight and complex parts in a short period of time, and respond to the manufacturing needs of customers. It is clear that the AM technologies consume energy to complete the production tasks of each part. Therefore, it is imperative to know the impact of energy efficiency in order to economically and properly use these advancing technologies. This paper provides a holistic review of this important concept from the perspectives of process, materials science, industry, and initiatives. The goal of this research study is to collect and present the latest knowledge blocks related to the energy consumption of AM technologies from a number of recent technical resources. Overall, they are the collection of surveys, observations, experimentations, case studies, content analyses, and archival research studies. The study highlights the current trends and technologies associated with energy efficiency and their influence on the AM community.

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Energy management in plastics processing — framework for measurement, assessment and prediction

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of particle size of leather wastes on the processing, vulcanization, and physico-mechanical properties of natural rubber/leather wastes composites

Effect of particle size of leather wastes on the processing, vulcanization, and physico-mechanical properties of natural rubber/leather wastes composites

Definition and evaluation of good manufacturing practices for plastic injection molding

Energy Efficiency in Additive Manufacturing: Condensed Review

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