Energy optimization of a Sulfur–Iodine thermochemical nuclear hydrogen production cycle

Juárez‐Martínez, L.C.; Espinosa-Paredes, Gilberto; Vázquez–Rodríguez, A.; Romero-Paredes, H.

doi:10.1016/j.net.2020.12.014

Cited by 31 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Juárez-Martínez et al [91] optimized the energy efficiency of an S-I cycle using a new network consisting of four heat exchangers and a heuristic-ruled method. The effect of the new network of heat exchangers on the system's efficiency was analyzed, and it was found that the energy needed for cooling decreased.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[78]. Thermochemical cycles such as sulfur-iodine [91], hybrid sulfur [92], sulfur ammonia [93], copper-chlorine [94], etc. have many advantages over methods such as recovering and recycling all the chemicals except water into the cycle, moderate operating temperatures, relatively low power input requirement, heat and water are the only inputs, [95,96].…”

Section: Green Hydrogen Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review on Recent Progress in the Integrated Green Hydrogen Production Processes

2022

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The thermochemical water-splitting method is a promising technology for efficiently converting renewable thermal energy sources into green hydrogen. This technique is primarily based on recirculating an active material, capable of experiencing multiple reduction-oxidation (redox) steps through an integrated cycle to convert water into separate streams of hydrogen and oxygen. The thermochemical cycles are divided into two main categories according to their operating temperatures, namely low-temperature cycles (<1100 °C) and high-temperature cycles (<1100 °C). The copper chlorine cycle offers relatively higher efficiency and lower costs for hydrogen production among the low-temperature processes. In contrast, the zinc oxide and ferrite cycles show great potential for developing large-scale high-temperature cycles. Although, several challenges, such as energy storage capacity, durability, cost-effectiveness, etc., should be addressed before scaling up these technologies into commercial plants for hydrogen production. This review critically examines various aspects of the most promising thermochemical water-splitting cycles, with a particular focus on their capabilities to produce green hydrogen with high performance, redox pairs stability, and the technology maturity and readiness for commercial use.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Green Hydrogen Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Recent Progress in the Integrated Green Hydrogen Production Processes

2022

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“…Continuity equation, Equation (5), momentum balance, Equation (6), and species transport-reaction equation, Equation (7), are the basic expressions used for modeling both permeate and retentate sides of the MR:…”

Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD Development of a Silica Membrane Reactor during HI Decomposition Reaction Coupling with CO2 Methanation at Sulfur–Iodine Cycle

et al. 2022

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In this work, a novel structure of a hydrogen-membrane reactor coupling HI decomposition and CO2 methanation was proposed, and it was based on the adoption of silica membranes instead of metallic, according to their ever more consistent utilization as nanomaterial for hydrogen separation/purification. A 2D model was built up and the effects of feed flow rate, sweep gas flow rate and reaction pressure were examined by CFD simulation. This work well proves the feasibility and advantage of the membrane reactor that integrates HI decomposition and CO2 methanation reactions. Indeed, two membrane reactor systems were compared: on one hand, a simple membrane reactor without proceeding towards any CO2 methanation reaction; on the other hand, a membrane reactor coupling the HI decomposition with the CO2 methanation reaction. The simulations demonstrated that the hydrogen recovery in the first membrane reactor was higher than the methanation membrane reactor. This was due to the consumption of hydrogen during the CO2 methanation reaction, occurring in the permeate side of the second membrane reactor system, which lowered the amount of hydrogen recovered in the outlet streams. After model validation, this theoretical study allows one to evaluate the effect of different operating parameters on the performance of both the membrane reactors, such as the pressure variation between 1 and 5 bar, the feed flow rate between 10 and 50 mm3/s and the sweep gas flow rate between 166.6 and 833.3 mm3/s. The theoretical predictions demonstrated that the best results in terms of HI conversion were 74.5% for the methanation membrane reactor and 67% for the simple membrane reactor.

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“…Between these HTGRs, the modular helium reactor (MHR) in the USA, the very high temperature reactor (-NHDD-PBR200) in Korea, the small modular reactor (MHR-T) in Russia, and the high temperature engineering test reactor (HTTR) in Japan, can operate at high temperature rate with 950 C of outlet temperature, suitable for the endothermic chemical reactions of the S-I cycle. 15 Hence, in this work, the point-wise neutron kinetics equations with six delayed neutron precursors were adopted to describe the neutron dynamics of the high-temperature engineering test reactor. In addition, a set of zerodimensional ordinary differential equations were modeled to describe the thermal hydraulics, considering the main reactor components (eg, fuel, sleeve, and coolant).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a zero‐dimensional dynamic simulator of a power conversion system with a high‐temperature gas reactor

Juárez‐Martínez

Espinosa-Paredes

2021

Int J Energy Res

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The HTTR-GT/H2 plant is a nuclear power cogeneration plant for hydrogen production. The hydrogen production is based on the thermochemical sulfuriodine cycle able to produce about 30 NM 3 /h of hydrogen and 15 Nm 3 /h of oxygen. The power conversion system consists of a Bryton-cycle helium gas turbine designed to produce 1 MWe electric of power output, and the source of heat is the high temperature engineering test reactor designed by the Japan Atomic Energy Agency. In this work, a preliminary dynamic simulator for the power conversion system was developed. The plant simulator couples the dynamics of the nuclear reactor, the internal heat exchanger, and plant components, such as heat exchangers, coolers, recuperators, compressors, and turbines. Despite the simplicity of modeling, the use of zero-dimensional models showed a good agreement with the reported values, being 0.67% of difference for reactor's power, 0.22% of difference for the coolant outlet temperature, and the differences of the conversion system components compared to the reference ranges between 0.0 and 0.26%.

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Energy optimization of a Sulfur–Iodine thermochemical nuclear hydrogen production cycle

Cited by 31 publications

References 20 publications

A Review on Recent Progress in the Integrated Green Hydrogen Production Processes

A Review on Recent Progress in the Integrated Green Hydrogen Production Processes

CFD Development of a Silica Membrane Reactor during HI Decomposition Reaction Coupling with CO2 Methanation at Sulfur–Iodine Cycle

Development of a zero‐dimensional dynamic simulator of a power conversion system with a high‐temperature gas reactor

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