Energy partitioning during seismic slip in pseudotachylyte-bearing faults (Gole Larghe Fault, Adamello, Italy)

Pittarello, Lidia; Toro, Giulio Di; Bizzarri, Andrea; Pennacchioni, Giorgio; Hadizadeh, J.; Cocco, M.

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2008.01.052

Cited by 103 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Using the temperature bounds from this study, the fi eld observations, and standard material properties ( Pittarello et al, 2008). Additionally, our estimate is much larger than measurements of fracture energy (~10-20 MJ; Ma et al, 2006;Tinti et al, 2005), indicating that most energy from this earthquake was dissipated as heat.…”

Section: Estimates Of Frictional Workmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…Although the thicknesses of the pseudotachylyte layers vary between 3 and 20 cm, we estimate that the minimum melt thickness is 3-5 cm when the volume of unmelted grains is taken into account (Rowe et al, 2011). The frictional work per area, W f , done on the fault is partitioned between the temperature rise (ΔT) along a fault and the latent heat (e.g., Pittarello et al, 2008):…”

Section: Estimates Of Frictional Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomarkers heat up during earthquakes: New evidence of seismic slip in the rock record

Savage

Polissar

Sheppard

et al. 2014

Geology

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Section: Estimates Of Frictional Workmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Estimates Of Frictional Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers heat up during earthquakes: New evidence of seismic slip in the rock record

Savage

Polissar

Sheppard

et al. 2014

Geology

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“…4 is less than 0.4 MJ m -2 (Pittarello et al 2008). It follows that in the case of a fault segment exhumed from 10 km depth, frictional heat is by far the largest energy component dissipated during an earthquake: at such depths, earthquakes are mainly a thermal process.…”

Section: Earthquake Energy Budgetsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In pseudotachylyte-bearing faults from the Gole Larghe Fault Zone, it is possible to estimate Q and U s from field and microstructural analyses of a fault segment. Frictional heat Q is estimated from the thickness of pseudotachylyte (Di Toro et al 2005a, b;Pittarello et al 2008):…”

Section: Earthquake Energy Budgetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this contribution, we will first describe estimates of several earthquake source parameters (Di Toro et al 2005a, b, 2006Pittarello et al 2008) retrieved from an exceptional field exposure located in the Southern Alps (Italy, Di Toro and Pennacchioni 2004;Pennacchioni et al 2006). Then, we will introduce a new experimental apparatus designed to investigate seismic slip in the laboratory that has recently been installed in the High-Pressure High-Temperature laboratories of the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From field geology to earthquake simulation: a new state-of-the-art tool to investigate rock friction during the seismic cycle (SHIVA)

Toro

Niemeijer

Tripoli³

et al. 2010

Rend. Fis. Acc. Lincei

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Despite considerable effort over the past several decades, the mechanics of earthquake rupture remains largely unknown. Moderate-to large-magnitude earthquakes nucleate at 7-15 km depth and most information is retrieved from seismology, but information related to the physico-chemical processes active during rupture propagation is below the resolution of this method. An alternative approach includes the investigation of exhumed faults, such as those described here from the Adamello Massif (Italian Alps), and the use of rock deformation apparatus capable of reproducing earthquake deformation conditions in the laboratory. The analysis of field and microstructural/mineralogical/geochemical data retrieved from the large glacier-polished exposures of the Adamello (Gole Larghe Fault) provides information on earthquake source parameters, including the coseismic slip, the rupture directivity and velocity, the dynamic friction and earthquake energy budgets. Some of this information (e.g., the evolution of the friction coefficient with slip) can be tested in the laboratory with the recently installed Slow to HIgh Velocity Apparatus (SHIVA). SHIVA uses two brushless engines (max power 280 kW) and an air actuator in a rotary shear configuration (nominally infinite displacement) to slide solid or hollow rock cylinders (40/50 mm int/ext diameter) at: (1) slip rates ranging from 10 lm s -1 up to 9 m s -1; (2) accelerations up to 80 m s -2 ; and (3) normal stresses up to

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Energetics of glass fragmentation: Experiments on synthetic and natural glasses

Kolzenburg

Russell

Kennedy

2013

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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[1] Natural silicate glasses are an essential component of many volcanic rock types including coherent and pyroclastic rocks; they span a wide range of compositions, occur in diverse environments, and form under a variety of pressure-temperature conditions. In subsurface volcanic environments (e.g., conduits and feeders), melts intersect the thermodynamically defined glass transition temperature to form glasses at elevated confining pressures and under differential stresses. We present a series of room temperature experiments designed to explore the fundamental mechanical and fragmentation behavior of natural (obsidian) and synthetic glasses (Pyrex TM ) under confining pressures of 0.1-100 MPa. In each experiment, glass cores are driven to brittle failure under compressive triaxial stress. Analysis of the loaddisplacement response curves is used to quantify the storage of energy in samples prior to failure, the (brittle) release of elastic energy at failure, and the residual energy stored in the post-failure material. We then establish a relationship between the energy density within the sample at failure and the grain-size distributions (D-values) of the experimental products. The relationship between D-values and energy density for compressive fragmentation is significantly different from relationships established by previous workers for decompressive fragmentation. Compressive fragmentation is found to have lower fragmentation efficiency than fragmentation through decompression (i.e., a smaller change in D-value with increasing energy density). We further show that the stress storage capacity of natural glasses can be enhanced (approaching synthetic glasses) through heat treatment.

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Energy partitioning during seismic slip in pseudotachylyte-bearing faults (Gole Larghe Fault, Adamello, Italy)

Cited by 103 publications

References 34 publications

Biomarkers heat up during earthquakes: New evidence of seismic slip in the rock record

Biomarkers heat up during earthquakes: New evidence of seismic slip in the rock record

From field geology to earthquake simulation: a new state-of-the-art tool to investigate rock friction during the seismic cycle (SHIVA)

Energetics of glass fragmentation: Experiments on synthetic and natural glasses

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