Energy performance of wind power in China: A comparison among inland, coastal and offshore wind farms

Jin, Zhang; Zhang, Jiwei; Cai, Ling; Ma, Li

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.040

Cited by 52 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The results further indicated that building wind farms in the Gobi (i.e., a good site selection) can utilize abundant wind resources with low ecological effects. Although the current wind development route of China is from inland to coastal and offshore farms 20 , we found empirical ecological evidence for this win-win development mode for both resources and ecology in an extremely harsh environment. Furthermore, based on our results, shrubs, such as Nitraria sphaerocarpa Maxim.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…However, the development pattern of China’s wind power is different from that of traditional wind energy powerhouses. In most European countries, wind farms are mainly located in areas with high biodiversity, such as in areas along coastlines, while inland wind farms rather than coastal and offshore wind farms dominate in China 20 . Over one-third of the national installed wind capacity is located in the sparsely populated drylands or in the Gobi Deserts in north-western China; these areas are rich in wind resources and are suitable for massive wind power development 21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Positive ecological effects of wind farms on vegetation in China’s Gobi desert

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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With the rapid development of wind power, there are increasing concerns about the negative ecological effects of its construction and operation. However, previous studies have mainly focused on the effects of wind farms on flying fauna (i.e., birds and bats) or climate change separately from communities or ecosystems, and little attention has been paid to vegetation during wind farm operation. Furthermore, few studies have referred to vulnerable ecosystems with low biomass and biodiversity. In this research, a field study was conducted to investigate the effects of wind farms on the individual traits, community structures and ecosystem functions of Gobi Desert ecosystems. The effects were measured by comparing interfering areas (IAs, located between 40 m and 90 m in the downstream direction of the wind turbine) with non-interfering areas (NIAs, located over 200 m from the wind turbine matrixes). The results showed that (1) plant individuals in IAs were less stressed and in better physiological states than those in NIAs; (2) for community structures, IA plants tended to be shorter and denser and had a higher coverage condition than that of NIA plants; and (3) ecosystem functions in IAs were significantly improved due to the existence of shrubs and higher biomass. Meanwhile, significant correlations were identified between the wind wake caused by the large spinning blades and the community structures. Constructing wind turbines in the Gobi Desert is a win-win strategy that both contributes to the growth of desert vegetation with a favourable microclimate and sufficiently utilizes wind power to produce clean energy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive ecological effects of wind farms on vegetation in China’s Gobi desert

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…Wu et al (2016) analyzed the production efficiency of 42 large wind farms in China and concluded that these wind farms are operating at acceptable levels. Zhang et al (2017) compared the conditions of eight inland, coastal, and offshore wind power plants and noted that the energy performances of inland and coastal wind farms are similar, but there is a big difference in their energy performances vs. offshore wind farms. Zhao and Zhen (2019) concluded that China's wind power industry from 2011 to 2015 exhibits inefficiency and believed that its wind power industry is still in the early stages of development.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some scholars have conducted research on the efficiency of wind power in China at the macro-level (Fan et al, 2015;Liu et al, 2015;Zhao and Zhen, 2019;Wang et al, 2020) or micro-level (Lu et al, 2009;Wu et al, 2016;Zhang et al, 2017), but there are scant existing studies involving regional comparisons. The differences in the wind power industry's efficiency in China's different regions with large disparities in natural and economic conditions require further empirical validation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Efficiency and CO2 Reduction Performance of China’s Regional Wind Power Industry Using an Epsilon-Based Measure Model

2021

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China has become the largest wind power installation market in the world, and on such a large scale its wind power industry contributes to the sustainability of electricity generation and reduction of carbon emissions, yet has problems such as wind curtailment, insufficient wind power consumption, and regional disparities. Thus, this research uses an epsilon-based measure (EBM) data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to evaluate and compare wind power electricity generation efficiency and CO2 emission reduction efficiency in the eastern, central, western, and northeastern regions of China for the period 2013–2017. The empirical results show that the nation’s overall wind power efficiency presents a significant upward trend, in which the western and northeastern regions have increased the most, while the east region has increased the least. Technical inefficiency is mainly due to diseconomies of scale in China’s wind power industry. Moreover, CO2 emission reduction in the four regions exhibits high efficiency, and the regions’ efficiencies are very consistent with that of installed capacity efficiency. Finally, this study’s policy implications are that industry development plans should be made according to local conditions as well as cross-regional trade of wind power electricity and that the upgrading of wind power generation capacity should be encouraged.

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“…The wind power generation industry is growing quickly and is becoming an economical sustainable energy source. Compared to land turbine installations, offshore wind farms benefit from stronger and more uniform wind profiles (Uzunoglu et al, 2016;Zhang et al, 2017), which has motivated the development of many offshore wind farm projects as the technology improves and the investment and operational costs decrease (Papadopoulos et al, 2008). Commercial use of Offshore Wind Farms (OWFs) has become common in many countries as an important element of energy generation strategies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Influence of Offshore Wind Farms on Ship Traffic Flow Based on AIS Data

Liu

Teixeira

et al. 2019

J. Navigation

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This paper proposes a framework to assess the influence of Offshore Wind Farms (OWFs) on maritime traffic flow based on raw Automatic Identification System (AIS) data collected before and after the installation of the offshore wind turbines. The framework includes modules for data acquisition, data filtering and statistical analysis. The statistical analysis characterises the influence of an OWF on maritime traffic in terms of minimum passing distances and lateral distribution of the ship trajectories near the OWF. The framework is applied to a specific route for which AIS data is available before and after an OWF installation. The impacts of the OWF on marine traffic are diverse and depend on the ship type categories. This paper quantitatively characterises an OWF's influence on a specific route that is probabilistically modelled, which is important for further studies on OWF site selection and maritime traffic risk assessment and management.

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Energy performance of wind power in China: A comparison among inland, coastal and offshore wind farms

Cited by 52 publications

References 35 publications

Positive ecological effects of wind farms on vegetation in China’s Gobi desert

Positive ecological effects of wind farms on vegetation in China’s Gobi desert

Assessing the Efficiency and CO2 Reduction Performance of China’s Regional Wind Power Industry Using an Epsilon-Based Measure Model

Assessment of the Influence of Offshore Wind Farms on Ship Traffic Flow Based on AIS Data

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