Energy Policy Design and China’s Local Climate Governance: Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Policies in Hangzhou

Guan, Ting; Delman, Jørgen

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-2799-5_32

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…( Table 3 Policy should be designed to encourage the energy poor to continue transferring to efficient and clean energy while reducing energy costs by providing more choices and support for clean energy (e.g., solar energy and biogas). Affordable and efficient modern energy and reliable clean energy are needed to relieve the energy poverty situation, which is also in line with China's low-carbon development strategy (Guan and Delman, 2017). For example, Qinghai Province's ample clean energy could be used by deploying distributed solar photovoltaic systems to help families obtain solar equipment and pay for the cost of electricity they generate.…”

Section: • Energy Poor Vs Income Poormentioning

confidence: 99%

Who is energy poor? Evidence from the least developed regions in China

Jiang

Xue

et al. 2020

Energy Policy

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Energy poverty has become one of the major challenges faced by the world's energy system. However, there is no consensus on the measure of energy poverty. Several approaches have been proposed, among which the energy poverty line has been defined as the minimum quantity of energy required for basic life, particularly for cooking and heating. This paper estimates the relationship between energy expenditure and household income and identifies the energy poverty line based on the threshold above which the energy share becomes insensitive to household income using household survey data from rural Qinghai, China. Considering the ongoing energy transition and the negative impacts of biomass energy consumption for the environment and health, the study sets a scenario in which all bioenergy consumption is replaced with electricity. The findings show that 57% of rural households in rural Qinghai are energy poor. The phase of energy poverty in terms of basic energy access has passed, so increasing the share of efficient modern energy in household energy consumption requires more attention. Considering the existence of a population that is not income poor but is energy poor, a conventional policy design that primarily targets income-poor households may be inappropriate in this case.

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Section: • Energy Poor Vs Income Poormentioning

confidence: 99%

Who is energy poor? Evidence from the least developed regions in China

Jiang

Xue

et al. 2020

Energy Policy

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“…The emerging agricultural geography of Shanghai -in common with Beijing and many other Chinese cities (Hao, et al, 2004) -is taking shape within an official green policy paradigm termed ecological civilization (Ravenscroft and Liu, 2017). While there is contestation around the precise meaning of ecological civilization (Huan, 2016), it is accepted that it is constituted as a set of policies designed to constrain certain types of development activity as a contribution to restoring ecological order, balance and diversity (Geall and Ely, 2015;Weng, et al, 2015;Parr and Henry, 2016;UNEP, 2016;Guan and Delman, 2017). While not related to farming per se, ecological civilization has favored the growth of small urban organic farms, on both derelict land and land of ecological significance (Paull, 2007;Ravenscroft and Liu, 2017).…”

Section: Data Generation and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The new urban agricultural geography of Shanghai

2018

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The new urban agricultural geography of Shanghai Abstract：Agricultural geography has remained largely trapped in a neoclassical economic paradigm in which farm types have been understood to be predominantly products of location and global markets. This paper attempts to subvert this approach by reflecting on the emerging culture of small scale ecological farming in Shanghai. Such farms have been growing in number since 2000, driven largely by the availability of land and an increasing demand for safe and healthy food. While being a rational productivist response to a market opportunity, however, these farms reflect a break with conventional farming, in terms of their size, location and new farmer identities, as well as their socio-cultural relationships with customers and local communities. Using a survey of 45 such farms, the paper illustrates how and where new forms of farming, and the alternative food networks that they support, are colonizing the city. While being redolent of the growth in urban farming in many western cities, farming in Shanghai is driven by private individuals with personal and family, as well as broader community, motives. This suggests that while Shanghai may be experiencing the growth of alternative forms of what might be understood as civic agriculture, those involved are not primarily interested in the civilizing mission ascribed to many such movements. Rather, the new farms are hybrid service businesses in which the sales and marketing skills of the new farmers have allowed them to transform individual customers into members of food networks who form mutual codependent trust relationships that underpin the survival of the farms. Perhaps as a result of this, and despite strong demand for organic food, these new farms face a marginal existence in which business development is constrained as much by the strength and continuity of their food networks as it is by the quality and quantity of food that they can grow.

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“…The new wave of urban pragmatism has also involved an intensification of attempts to evaluate policy instruments available for mitigation and adaptation, including control‐and‐demand approaches (Guan & Delman, 2017 ; Lee & Kim, 2018 ; Li, 2013 ; Li & Song, 2016 ), regulation (Castello, 2011 ; Kocabas, 2013 ; Leibowicz, 2017 ), plans (Millard‐Ball, 2012 ), economic instruments and voluntary programs for innovation (Huang‐Lachmann & Lovett, 2016 ; Iwata & Managi, 2016 ), or new participatory tools, such as collaborative visioning (Bailey et al, 2012 ) and social media‐based methods (Napawan, Simpson, & Snyder, 2017 ). We also find attempts to measure and quantify the impacts of plans, discrete policy tools or political leadership, most often in terms of emission reductions (Krause, 2012 ; Lee & Koski, 2012 ; Leibowicz, 2017 ; Millard‐Ball, 2012 ; Park & Page, 2017 ; Simon Rosenthal et al, 2015 ; Wang, 2012 ).…”

Section: Key Debates In the Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Ten years after Copenhagen: Reimagining climate change governance in urban areas

Broto

Westman

2020

WIREs Climate Change

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In this review, we take stock of the last decade of research on climate change governance in urban areas since the 2009 conference in Copenhagen. Using a systematic evaluation of academic publications in the field, we argue that the current moment of research has been shaped by two recent waves of thought. The first, a wave of urban optimism, which started in 2011 and peaked in 2013, engaged with urban areas as alternative sites for governance in the face of the crumbling international climate regime. The second, a wave of urban pragmatism, which started in 2016, has sought to reimagine urban areas following the integration of the “sub‐national” as a meaningful category in the international climate regime after the 2015 Paris Agreement for Climate Action. Four themes dominate the debate on climate change governance in urban areas: why there is climate action, how climate action is delivered, how it is articulated in relation to internationally reaching networks, and what implications it has to understand environmental or climate justice within urban settings. Calls to understand the impacts of climate change policy have fostered research on climate change politics, issues of power and control, conflicts, and the inherently unjust nature of much climate policy. What is largely missing from the current scholarship is a sober assessment of the mundane aspects of climate change governance on the ground and a concern with what kind of cultural and socio‐economic change is taking place, beyond comparative analyses of the effectiveness of climate policies. This article is categorized under: Policy and Governance > Governing Climate Change in Communities, Cities, and Regions

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Energy Policy Design and China’s Local Climate Governance: Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Policies in Hangzhou

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Who is energy poor? Evidence from the least developed regions in China

Who is energy poor? Evidence from the least developed regions in China

The new urban agricultural geography of Shanghai

Ten years after Copenhagen: Reimagining climate change governance in urban areas

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