Energy Production by Means of Pumps As Turbines in Water Distribution Networks

Venturini, Mauro; Alvisi, Stefano; Simani, Silvio; Manservigi, Lucrezia

doi:10.3390/en10101666

Cited by 33 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Figure 6 presents the effects of flow rate and total head dependence on shaft speed. Values for the BEP (yellow curves) from Table 2 are marked here, as well as curves from the In order to verify the applicability of the predictive relationships in Equations (6), (14), (15), and (18) and in the affine parabola in Equation 21, other necessary characteristics were determined from the measured values. Figure 6 presents the effects of flow rate and total head dependence on shaft speed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The characteristics of the turbine at the changing parameters are given by merging the affine relationships of Equations (6) and (14) that result in the following:…”

Section: Conversion Relationships Of Hydraulic Machine Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, the PAT itself usually runs at acceptable efficiency values (up to 59%). They indicated that for these reasons, future works should analyze the performance of different PATs coupled with different installation and regulation schemes in order to maximize the producible electric energy [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Influence of Changing Hydropower Potential on Performance Parameters of Pumps in Turbine Mode

Polák

2019

Energies

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Pumps as turbines (PAT) are used as an alternative to water turbines in small hydropower plants. The same devices can also be used for energy recovery in water distribution networks. They can replace pressure reduction valves that often lead to energy loss. However, PATs lack the parts that regulate flow so that when a hydropower potential change occurs, efficiency is reduced, as is economic gain. This article summarizes the influence of changing hydropower potential on PAT efficiency and presents comparisons of experimental results with the commonly used predictive model stemming from the theory of physical similarity, which presumes constant PAT efficiency. Our research indicates that the deviation between the model and the real power output calculation at varying potentials was minimal. Similarly, the affine parabola can be used to determine the relationship between total head and flow rate. Other relationships differ from reality the more the PAT efficiency changes. The flow rate and total head dependence on shaft speed are the main factors when setting the optimum operational parameters at varying hydropower potentials. Therefore, a change in efficiency must be included in predictive calculations to correctly optimize PAT operation. The problem is that a change in efficiency cannot be reliably predicted in advance, especially in the case of small-scale devices. For this reason, further research on the issue of changes in PAT efficiency is necessary.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The characteristics of the turbine at the changing parameters are given by merging the affine relationships of Equations (6) and (14) that result in the following:…”

Section: Conversion Relationships Of Hydraulic Machine Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Influence of Changing Hydropower Potential on Performance Parameters of Pumps in Turbine Mode

Polák

2019

Energies

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“…However, the behavior of real fluid flow including friction and turbulence result is different [3]. PAT can be applied to micro-hydropower plants as well as water supply piping and distribution systems [5][6][7][8][9], reverse osmosis systems [10], pressure reducing system [11,12], energy recovery in irrigation networks and industries [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Review of Pump as Turbine

Jemal

Haile

2019

Ren. Ener. & Sust. Dev.

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The turbine is a heart of power generation in a hydroelectric power system. A variety of different turbines are available for that purpose. The common types of Hydraulic turbines are; Pelton, cross flow, Francis, Kaplan, and propeller turbine. However, using conventional turbines for low head and flow rate (i.e. micro hydropower) applications are not economically feasible. A low-cost alternative is to use the pump as a turbine. In this paper, existing Peer-reviewed articles from (Scopus, google scholar, umbrella, etc.) that are directly related to pump running as a turbine are collected and reviewed. Theoretical, numerical, and experimental investigations are considered. Performance improvement techniques for PAT are summarized and research gaps in related works are identified.

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“…The pressure is regulated with a valve installed at the network inlet, while the flow rate at the outlet is varied with a butterfly valve. Valves are remotely controlled with electronic actuators controlled by a dedicated homemade software program, with an external PLC [34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. The electric motor of the pump is linked to an inverter and the produced electrical power is connected to the urban power grid.…”

Section: Ns 376 Pump Model Validation With Experimental Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

A Performance Prediction Method for Pumps as Turbines (PAT) Using a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Modeling Approach

2017

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Small and micro hydropower systems represent an attractive solution for generating electricity at low cost and with low environmental impact. The pump-as-turbine (PAT) approach has promise in this application due to its low purchase and maintenance costs. In this paper, a new method to predict the inverse characteristic of industrial centrifugal pumps is presented. This method is based on results of simulations performed with commercial three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software. Model results have been first validated in pumping mode using data supplied by pump manufacturers. Then, the results have been compared to experimental data for a pump running in reverse. Experimentation has been performed on a dedicated test bench installed in the Department of Civil Construction and Environmental Engineering of the University of Naples Federico II. Three different pumps, with different specific speeds, have been analyzed. Using the model results, the inverse characteristic and the best efficiency point have been evaluated. Finally, results have been compared to prediction methods available in the literature.

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Energy Production by Means of Pumps As Turbines in Water Distribution Networks

Cited by 33 publications

References 20 publications

The Influence of Changing Hydropower Potential on Performance Parameters of Pumps in Turbine Mode

The Influence of Changing Hydropower Potential on Performance Parameters of Pumps in Turbine Mode

Comprehensive Review of Pump as Turbine

A Performance Prediction Method for Pumps as Turbines (PAT) Using a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Modeling Approach

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