2011
DOI: 10.1002/cplx.20373
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Energy rate density. II. Probing further a new complexity metric

Abstract: Appraisal of the concept of energy rate density continues, as both a potential quantitative metric for complexity studies and a key feature of a unifying hypothesis for the origin and evolution of material systems throughout Nature writ large. This article extends a recent study reported in this journal, hereby analyzing normalized energy flows for an array of complex systems experiencing physical, biological, and cultural evolution. The results strengthen the comprehensive scenario of cosmic evolution in broa… Show more

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Cited by 23 publications
(28 citation statements)
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“…We study the processes of self‐organization in nature seeking to find one set of rules or one universal law that causes all of them to occur. The importance of such an endeavor has been recognized, particularly when it comes to the optimization of energy flows in a system . The appearance of elementary particles from radiation energy after the Big Bang started a chain of events that is the object of our study.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We study the processes of self‐organization in nature seeking to find one set of rules or one universal law that causes all of them to occur. The importance of such an endeavor has been recognized, particularly when it comes to the optimization of energy flows in a system . The appearance of elementary particles from radiation energy after the Big Bang started a chain of events that is the object of our study.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Nonetheless, the intergalactic debris now seen within major galaxies such as the Milky Way are minor additions to 14 already mature galaxies. Dwarf galaxies are analogous to interplanetary asteroids and meteoroids that continually impact Earth long after the bulk of our planet formed 4.6 billion years ago (Gya); the current terrestrial infall rate of ~40 kton/y, or an accumulated amount roughly equaling 2x10 17 light-years, implying that the mass of the system within this radius is ~2 x10 11 M  , an extent delineated by its spiral arms comprising stars as well as much low-density interstellar matter. The integrated luminosity, L, or net energy flow in the Galaxy, measured at all wavelengths across the electromagnetic spectrum and including contributions from interstellar gas and dust, cosmic rays, and magnetic fields, as well as stars, is ~3x10 10 L  (or ~10 37 W, where L  ≈ 4x10 33 erg/s) within 5x10 4 light-years and very low surface brightness (if any luminosity at all) beyond [80].…”
Section: The Principal Systems Of Big Historymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We are in this paper not concerned about galaxies generally as much as the one we inhabit and of principal interest to big historians. By contrast to our Milky Way, the full range of values of Φ m for all galaxies typically extends over an order of magnitude less for dwarf galaxies that usually harbor anomalously large amounts of dark matter, and perhaps two orders of magnitude more for active galaxies that are rare (~10 -4 of all galaxies) and whose emissions are beamed toward us during brief (<10 6 -y) periods, making their abnormal flaring unrepresentative of such galaxies on average (cf., [17] for a fuller discussion of galaxies in general). All galaxies-whether normal, dwarf, or active-inhabit the lowermost part of Figure 2.…”
Section: The Principal Systems Of Big Historymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Notice the similarity of (5) and (1). Both S and I are scalars and both contain the product of a probability and its logarithm.…”
Section: Key Distinction Between Entropy and Informationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…One of the primary motivations for using entropy generation (J s ) [1,2] as a universal metric is to examine how certain individuals as well as entire societies organize their information systems to build energetic systems in order to entropicize other individuals or societies. I.e.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%