Energy Recovery Efficiency of Poultry Slaughterhouse Sludge Cake by Hydrothermal Carbonization

Oh, Seung-Yong; Yoon, Young-Man

doi:10.3390/en10111876

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The values of Ed obtained were over 1, showing the improvement of energy densification by HTC [42]. As results using varied moisture contents were similar, a value of 90% moisture content was chosen to carry out experiments with the two-steps process and varied acid addition.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Hydrocharsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Hydrothermal Carbonization Brewer’s Spent Grains with the Focus on Improving the Degradation of the Feedstock

2018

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Hydrochar is a very interesting product from agricultural and food production residues. Unfortunately, severe conditions for complete conversion of lignocellulosic biomass is necessary, especially compared to the conversion of sugar compounds. The goal of this work is to improve the conversion of internal carbohydrates by application of a two-steps process, by acid addition and slightly higher water content. A set of experiments at different temperatures (180, 200, and 220 • C), reaction times (2 and 4 h), and moisture contents (80% and 90%) was performed to characterize the solid (high heating value (HHV), elemental) and liquid product phase. Afterwards, acid addition for a catalyzed hydrolysis reaction during hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and a two-steps reaction (180 and 220 • C) were tested. As expected, a higher temperature leads to higher C content of the hydrochar and a higher fixed carbon (FC) content. The same effect was found with the addition of acids at lower temperatures. In the two-steps reaction, a primary hydrolysis step increases the conversion of internal carbohydrates. Higher water content has no significant effect, except for increasing the solubility of ash components.

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Section: Characteristics Of Hydrocharsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Hydrothermal Carbonization Brewer’s Spent Grains with the Focus on Improving the Degradation of the Feedstock

2018

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“…Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a thermochemical process through which it is possible to directly transform a wet organic substrate into a useful material called hydrochar. This process has been studied by several authors [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] even in recent years. The HTC solid product is expected to have different applications, for example for renewable energy production [12,13], as a soil improver and conditioner [14], as a precursor for the production of activated carbons [15], for the generation of nanostructured materials, and many more [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Deep Analysis on the Behavior of Grape Marc Constituents during Hydrothermal Carbonization

et al. 2018

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Grape marc is a residue of the wine-making industry, nowadays not always effectively valorized. It consists of grape seeds (mostly lignocellulosic) and grape skins (mostly holocellulosic). In order to understand possible correlations between seeds and skins in forming hydrochar for it to be used as a solid biofuel, hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) was applied separately to grape marc and its constituents. HTC was performed at several process conditions (temperature: 180, 220 and 250 • C; reaction time: 0.5, 1, 3 and 8 h), in order to collect data on the three phases formed downstream of the process: solid (hydrochar), liquid and gas. An in deep analytical characterization was performed: ultimate analysis and calorific value for hydrochar, Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Inductively Coupled Plasma (IPC) analyses for liquid phase, composition for gas phase. In previous works, the same experimental apparatus was used to treat residual biomass, obtaining interesting results in terms of possible hydrochar exploitation as a solid biofuel. Thus, the main objectives of this work were both to get results for validating the hypothesis to apply HTC to this feedstock, and to collect data for subsequent theoretical investigations. Moreover, a severity model was developed to allow a predictive description of the hydrochar yield as a function of a unique parameter condensing both temperature and reaction time effects. The results obtained demonstrate that this process can upgrade wet residues into a solid biofuel ad that the process can be satisfactorily described in terms of a severity factor.

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“…In this case an increase of the ash content could also be observed. HTC of the slaughterhouse cake, performed by Oh and Yoon demonstrated increase in the heating value of that residue and found optimum temperature of the HTC process to be 180 • C for that type of feedstock [35].…”

Section: Dry and Wet Torrefaction And Pyrolysis Of Sewage Sludgementioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Concept of an Installation for Sustainable Thermal Utilization of Sewage Sludge

et al. 2018

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This study proposes an innovative installation concept for the sustainable utilization of sewage sludge. The aim of the study is to prove that existing devices and technologies allow construction of such an installation by integration of a dryer, torrefaction reactor and gasifier with engine, thus maximizing recovery of the waste heat by the installation. This study also presents the results of drying tests, performed at a commercial scale paddle dryer as well as detailed analysis of the torrefaction process of dried sewage sludge. Both tests aim to identify potential problems that could occur during the operation. The scarce literature studies published so far on the torrefaction of sewage sludge presents results from batch reactors, thus giving very limited data of the composition of the torgas. This study aims to cover that gap by presenting results from the torrefaction of sewage sludge in a continuously working, laboratory scale, isothermal rotary reactor. The study confirmed the feasibility of a self-sustaining installation of thermal utilization of sewage sludge using low quality heat. Performed study pointed out the most favorable way to use limited amounts of high temperature heat. Plasma gasification of the torrefied sewage sludge has been identified that requires further studies.

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Energy Recovery Efficiency of Poultry Slaughterhouse Sludge Cake by Hydrothermal Carbonization

Cited by 27 publications

References 35 publications

Hydrothermal Carbonization Brewer’s Spent Grains with the Focus on Improving the Degradation of the Feedstock

Hydrothermal Carbonization Brewer’s Spent Grains with the Focus on Improving the Degradation of the Feedstock

In Deep Analysis on the Behavior of Grape Marc Constituents during Hydrothermal Carbonization

Novel Concept of an Installation for Sustainable Thermal Utilization of Sewage Sludge

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