Energy Recovery from Waste Tires Using Pyrolysis: Palestine as Case of Study

Abstract

The first industrial-scale pyrolysis plant for solid tire wastes has been installed in Jenin, northern of the West Bank in Palestine, to dispose of the enormous solid tire wastes in the north of West Bank. The disposable process is an environmentally friendly process and it converts tires into useful products, which could reduce the fuel crisis in Palestine. The gravimetric analysis of tire waste pyrolysis products from the pyrolysis plant working at the optimum conditions is: tire pyrolysis oil (TPO): 45%, pyrolysis carbon black (PCB): 35%, pyrolysis gas (Pyro-Gas): 10% and steel wire: 10%. These results are depending on the tire type and size. It has been found that the produced pyrolysis oil has a High Heating Value (HHV), with a range of 42 − 43 ( MJ / kg ) , which could make it useful as a replacement for conventional liquid fuels. The main disadvantage of using the TPO as fuel is its strong acrid smell and its low flash point, as compared with the other conventional liquid fuels. The produced pyrolysis carbon black also has a High Heating Value (HHV) of about 29 (MJ/kg), which could also encourage its usage as a solid fuel. Carbon black could also be used as activated carbon, printers’ ink, etc. The pyrolysis gas (Pyro-Gas) obtained from waste tires mainly consist of light hydrocarbons. The concentration of H2 has a range of 30% to 40% in volume and it has a high calorific value (approximately 31 MJ / m 3 ), which can meet the process requirement of energy. On the other hand, it is necessary to clean gas before the burning process to remove H2S from Pyro-Gas, and hence, reduce the acid rain problem. However, for the current plant, some recommendations should be followed for more comfortable operation and safer environment work conditions.

End-of-life tire management: a critical review

“…In addition to these, Zhang et al ( 2019 ) analyzed using carbon from ELT pyrolysis for wastewater treatment. Abdallah et al ( 2020 ) found that the produced pyrolysis oil could replace conventional liquid fuels. Buadit et al ( 2020 ) evaluated the potential environmental impacts of an ELT pyrolysis plant in Thailand by using the LCA method.…”

Towards Sustainable Energy Retrofitting, a Simulation for Potential Energy Use Reduction in Residential Buildings in Palestine

“…Green energy refers to renewable energy sources that are regarded to be environmentally friendly. These energy sources aid in mitigating the consequences of global warming, a rise in the Earth's average temperature caused by fossil fuel emissions [1][2][3]. The construction industry is well-known as one of the world's largest energy users [4].…”

Pyrolysis of Solid Waste for Bio-Oil and Char Production in Refugees’ Camp: A Case Study

“…Pyrolysis process is based on a thermochemical decomposition of the organic biomass after heating it up to 400 to 550 • C with no presence of oxygen producing bio-oil, char, and synthesis gas [21]. The produced Bio-oil, which is a condensed vapor of mixture of organic chemicals with water, can be a vital fuel alternative in many static applications like boiler and diesel engines for power generations in the refugee camps [22]. Household food waste provides zero cost feedstock for various chemicals and energy production while solving the management burden [23].…”

“…The pyrolysis and co-pyrolysis of mixture of wastes have drawn a wide awareness in current years [26]. However, proper selection of sustainable input materials and process conditions optimization are the significant prerequisite for their successful application [22,27,28].…”