“…Scintillators in crystal form are widely applied in nuclear medicine, for example in positron emission tomography (PET) scanners (Ermis et al, 2014;Sreebunpeng et al, 2014). Among the various crystal detectors, cerium (Ce 3þ ) doped scintillators are the dominant due to their internal properties, such as, fast and high emission efficiency and energy resolution (Sidletskiy et al, 2009(Sidletskiy et al, , 2010Moszynski, 2010;Sidletskiy et al, 2010;Sidletskiy et al, 2014;Sreebunpeng et al, 2014). Gadolinium silicate Gd 2 SiO 5 (GSO) and lutetium silicate Lu 2 SiO 5 (LSO) crystals have been widely used in PET scanners (Sidletskiy et al, 2009(Sidletskiy et al, , 2010.…”