Energy Savings Potential of SSL in Agricultural Applications

Elliott, Clay; Lee, Kyung Hwa; Pattison, Morgan

doi:10.2172/1644398

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Environmental light pollution poses a significant disruptor to many animal ecosystems, emphasizing the need for better characterization of animal-specific light exposure to improve conservation strategies (49,50). Furthermore, given the significant land and energy usage required for farm animal operations, the identification of optimum lighting conditions that balance productivity, health, and electricity usage has the potential to generate substantial energy savings (51)(52)(53). Additionally, the impact of evening and night-time light exposure in the home environment on human sleep is well-documented( 54), but remains unknown for pets (55).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Lux: Methods for Species and Photoreceptor-Specific Quantification of Ambient Light for Mammals

McDowell,

Didikoglu,

Woelders

et al. 2023

Preprint

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BackgroundLight is a key environmental regulator of physiology and behaviour. Mistimed or insufficient light disrupts circadian rhythms and is associated with impaired health and well-being across mammals. Appropriate lighting is therefore crucial for indoor housed mammals. The most commonly used measurement for lighting is lux. However, this employs a spectral weighting function based on human perceived brightness and is not suitable for ‘non-visual’ effects of light or use across species. In humans, a photoreceptor-specific (α-opic) metrology system has been proposed as a more appropriate way of measuring light.ResultsHere we establish technology to allow this α-opic measurement approach to be readily extended to any mammalian species, accounting for differences in photoreceptor types, photopigment spectral sensitivities, and eye anatomy. Since measuring photopigment spectral sensitivity can be hard to derive for novel animals and photoreceptors, we developed a high-throughput, easy-to-use, method to derive spectral sensitivities for recombinantly expressed melanopsins and use it to establish the spectral sensitivity of melanopsin from 12 non-human mammals. We further address the need for simple measurement strategies for species-specific α-opic measures by developing an accessible online toolbox for calculating these units and validating an open hardware, low-cost, multichannel light sensor for ‘point and click’ measurement. We finally demonstrate that species-specific α-opic measurements are superior to photopic lux as predictors of physiological responses to light in mice and allow ecologically relevant comparisons of photosensitivity between species.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that measuring light more accurately using species-specific α-opic units is superior to the existing unit of photopic lux and holds the promise of improvements to the health and welfare of animals, scientific research reproducibility, agricultural productivity, and energy usage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Lux: Methods for Species and Photoreceptor-Specific Quantification of Ambient Light for Mammals

McDowell,

Didikoglu,

Woelders

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Response of Common Ice Plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L.) to Photoperiod/Daily Light Integral in Vertical Hydroponic Production

Xia

Mattson

2022

Horticulturae

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Common ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L.) is a novel edible plant with a succulent and savory flavor emerging as new crop for greenhouse and plant factory growers. Currently very limited information is available on the response of ice plant to photoperiod and to daily light integral (DLI). The objective of this study was to determine the impact of photoperiod/DLI on the growth of ice plant for indoor vertical production. Four-week old seedlings of ice plant were transplanted into vertical hydroponic systems and given five photoperiod/DLI treatments: 8/6.3, 12/9.5, 16/12.7, 20/15.8, and 24/19.0 h/mol·m−2·d−1. Sequential destructive harvests to determine plant growth occurred 14, 21, and 28 days after lighting treatments began. Plants performed better with increasing photoperiod/DLI from 8 h/6.3 mol·m−2·d−1 to 20 h/15.8 mol·m−2·d−1. By day 28, shoot fresh weight increased from 160 g to 639 g as the photoperiod/DLI increased from 8 h/6.3 mol·m−2·d−1 to 20 h/15.8 mol·m−2·d−1. The continuous lighting treatment, 24 h/19 mol·m−2·d−1, showed a negative effect on the plant fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW). Light treatment did not have obvious effects on shoot:root ratio and macronutrient uptake except that potassium (K) uptake decreased slightly with increased photoperiod/DLI. Plants receiving higher photoperiod/DLI showed the same number of leaves (indicating the same development stage) but had smaller, thicker, and darker green leaves compared to lower photoperiod/DLI treatments. Leaf water content was not affected by light treatment up to 20 h/15.8 mol·m−2·d−1 but decreased at 24 h/19 mol·m−2·d−1. Further research is needed to separate the physiological response of increasing/continuous photoperiod from the response of increasing DLI.

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Influence of Far-Red Intensity during the Seedling Stage on Biomass Production and Photomorphogenic Characteristics in Leafy Greens under Sole-Source Lighting

Eylands,

Mattson

2023

Horticulturae

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It has been well documented that far-red radiation (FR; 700–799 nm) elicits a shade-avoidance/shade-tolerance response across a wide range of plant species. Most sole-source lighting is relatively low in FR compared to sunlight (i.e., 2% vs. 20% of photons, respectively, integrated between 400 and 799 nm). The objective of this experiment was to determine if the photomorphogenic response to FR is a useful strategy during the seedling stage to promote leaf expansion in the hopes that subsequently transplanted seedlings would increase radiation capture resulting in higher harvestable biomass. Lettuce (cv. ‘Rex’, ‘Red Oak’, and ‘Green Grand Rapids’) seedlings were exposed to 5, 10, 20, or 30 µmol·m−2·s−1 of supplemental FR for a duration of 10 d in a growth chamber for 20 h daily. During this stage, all seedlings received background light levels of 195 µmol·m−2·s−1 PAR light from white LEDs for 20 h daily. Seedlings were transplanted into a nutrient film technique (NFT) hydroponic system in a separate growth chamber with LED fixtures that supplied white light at 295 µmol·m−2·s−1 for 16 h daily (DLI = 17 mol·m−2·d−1) until they were harvested at 35 d from seeding. At transplant, fresh weight, leaf area, and plant height were significantly greater for all cultivars exposed to 30 µmol·m−2·s−1 of supplemental FR radiation compared to the 5 µmol·m−2·s−1 control. Fresh weight increased by an average of 35% under 30 µmol·m−2·s−1 FR. Mature plant dry biomass increased by 14% when seedlings were exposed to 30 µmol·m−2·s−1 of supplemental FR radiation. Increasing far-red radiation consistently increased plant growth at the seedling stage, but these increases were generally overcome by maturation.

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Energy Savings Potential of SSL in Agricultural Applications

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Beyond Lux: Methods for Species and Photoreceptor-Specific Quantification of Ambient Light for Mammals

Beyond Lux: Methods for Species and Photoreceptor-Specific Quantification of Ambient Light for Mammals

Response of Common Ice Plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L.) to Photoperiod/Daily Light Integral in Vertical Hydroponic Production

Influence of Far-Red Intensity during the Seedling Stage on Biomass Production and Photomorphogenic Characteristics in Leafy Greens under Sole-Source Lighting

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