Energy storage and generation through desalination using flow-electrodes capacitive deionization

Lim, Hyunseung; Ha, Yuncheol; Jung, Hye Bin; Jo, Pil Sung; Yoon, Ho Kyoung; Do, Quyen; Cho, Namchul; Yoo, Chung‐Yul; Cho, Younghyun

doi:10.1016/j.jiec.2019.09.020

Cited by 36 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Additionally, Jeon et al [88] incorporated salt to the flow electrode easing ionic resistance and confirmed electrical energy recovery of about 20%. Studies by Lim et al [103] confirmed that improving energy capacity in FCDI can be achieved by increasing the capacity of electrode slurry container and that the feed solution at high salt concentration (salt water) is advantageous in terms of higher capacity for both energy storage and generation compared with feed solution of low concentration (brackish water).…”

Section: Energy Recovery In Fcdimentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Electrochemical Water Desalination Techniques: A Review on Capacitive Deionization, Membrane Capacitive Deionization and Flow Capacitive Deionization

et al. 2020

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Electrochemical water desalination has been a major research area since the 1960s with the development of capacitive deionization technique. For the latter, its modus operandi lies in temporary salt ion adsorption when a simple potential difference (1.0–1.4 V) of about 1.2 V is supplied to the system to temporarily create an electric field that drives the ions to their different polarized poles and subsequently desorb these solvated ions when potential is switched off. Capacitive deionization targets/extracts the solutes instead of the solvent and thus consumes less energy and is highly effective for brackish water. This paper reviews Capacitive Deionization (mechanism of operation, sustainability, optimization processes, and shortcomings) with extension to its counterparts (Membrane Capacitive Deionization and Flow Capacitive Deionization).

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Section: Energy Recovery In Fcdimentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Electrochemical Water Desalination Techniques: A Review on Capacitive Deionization, Membrane Capacitive Deionization and Flow Capacitive Deionization

et al. 2020

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“…One obvious advantage of FCDI, MCDI, and conventional CDI compared with ED systems is that a proportion of the energy consumed in the charging process may be recovered during the discharge step. ,− Indeed, laboratory scale MCDI studies by Dlugolecki et al indicated that more than 80% of the energy used in the charging step could be recovered while Tan et al recovered approximately 40% of the energy used in the charging step in a pilot-scale photovoltaic-powered MCDI system.…”

Section: Environmental Applications Of Fcdimentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow Electrode Capacitive Deionization (FCDI): Recent Developments, Environmental Applications, and Future Perspectives

Zhang

Lei

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

182

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With the increasing severity of global water scarcity, a myriad of scientific activities is directed toward advancing brackish water desalination and wastewater remediation technologies. Flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI), a newly developed electrochemically driven ion removal approach combining ion-exchange membranes and flowable particle electrodes, has been actively explored over the past seven years, driven by the possibility of energy-efficient, sustainable, and fully continuous production of high-quality fresh water, as well as flexible management of the particle electrodes and concentrate stream. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of current advances of this interesting technology with particular attention given to FCDI principles, designs (including cell architecture and electrode and separator options), operational modes (including approaches to management of the flowable electrodes), characterizations and modeling, and environmental applications (including water desalination, resource recovery, and contaminant abatement). Furthermore, we introduce the definitions and performance metrics that should be used so that fair assessments and comparisons can be made between different systems and separation conditions. We then highlight the most pressing challenges (i.e., operation and capital cost, scale-up, and commercialization) in the full-scale application of this technology. We conclude this state-of-the-art review by considering the overall outlook of the technology and discussing areas requiring particular attention in the future.

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“…Porada et al, [ 399 ] incorporated a pair of cylindrical IEMs into FCDI as pathways for the saturated flow-electrodes to continuously harvest energy based on the principles of capacitive mixing to generate energy from the salinity gradient and gas phase CO 2 gradient. Energy recovery in FCDI could be promoted by increasing the electrolyte concentration, enhancing the content of the flow-electrode, and adding conductive additives [ 398 , 400 ].…”

Section: Membrane Capacitive Deionizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontiers of Membrane Desalination Processes for Brackish Water Treatment: A Review

et al. 2021

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Climate change, population growth, and increased industrial activities are exacerbating freshwater scarcity and leading to increased interest in desalination of saline water. Brackish water is an attractive alternative to freshwater due to its low salinity and widespread availability in many water-scarce areas. However, partial or total desalination of brackish water is essential to reach the water quality requirements for a variety of applications. Selection of appropriate technology requires knowledge and understanding of the operational principles, capabilities, and limitations of the available desalination processes. Proper combination of feedwater technology improves the energy efficiency of desalination. In this article, we focus on pressure-driven and electro-driven membrane desalination processes. We review the principles, as well as challenges and recent improvements for reverse osmosis (RO), nanofiltration (NF), electrodialysis (ED), and membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI). RO is the dominant membrane process for large-scale desalination of brackish water with higher salinity, while ED and MCDI are energy-efficient for lower salinity ranges. Selective removal of multivalent components makes NF an excellent option for water softening. Brackish water desalination with membrane processes faces a series of challenges. Membrane fouling and scaling are the common issues associated with these processes, resulting in a reduction in their water recovery and energy efficiency. To overcome such adverse effects, many efforts have been dedicated toward development of pre-treatment steps, surface modification of membranes, use of anti-scalant, and modification of operational conditions. However, the effectiveness of these approaches depends on the fouling propensity of the feed water. In addition to the fouling and scaling, each process may face other challenges depending on their state of development and maturity. This review provides recent advances in the material, architecture, and operation of these processes that can assist in the selection and design of technologies for particular applications. The active research directions to improve the performance of these processes are also identified. The review shows that technologies that are tunable and particularly efficient for partial desalination such as ED and MCDI are increasingly competitive with traditional RO processes. Development of cost-effective ion exchange membranes with high chemical and mechanical stability can further improve the economy of desalination with electro-membrane processes and advance their future applications.

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Energy storage and generation through desalination using flow-electrodes capacitive deionization

Cited by 36 publications

References 34 publications

Towards Electrochemical Water Desalination Techniques: A Review on Capacitive Deionization, Membrane Capacitive Deionization and Flow Capacitive Deionization

Towards Electrochemical Water Desalination Techniques: A Review on Capacitive Deionization, Membrane Capacitive Deionization and Flow Capacitive Deionization

Flow Electrode Capacitive Deionization (FCDI): Recent Developments, Environmental Applications, and Future Perspectives

Frontiers of Membrane Desalination Processes for Brackish Water Treatment: A Review

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