Energy Storage Development Using Hydrogen and Its Potential Application in Colombia

Abstract

With the increase in the world population, the needs for energy generation have increased, the biggest contribution for this production comes from fossil fuels, which causes significant negative impacts on the environment and sustainability, such as global warming and stock-outs. In this way, it is essential to develop renewable energy alternatives that gradually replace conventional sources. However, these kinds of sources mostly dependent on environmental conditions, so they have the disadvantage of being intermittent and fluctuating. It is considered that hydrogen can be an attractive option for energy storage maximizing the benefit of renewable energy sources. In the last decades, different technologies have been developed to the use of hydrogen as backup and a renewable energy source. This study provides an inspection of the hydrogen technologies that range from the ways to produce hydrogen from renewable energy sources to their different storage alternatives. It is also presented an outlook of available energy policies and development background in different Latin American countries for power generation using renewable sources. Finally, the analysis focuses its attention in the Colombian potential for several sources (solar, wind, biomass) combined with the use of production and storage technologies for hydrogen as an energy carrier.

Introductory Chapter: Hydrogen Energy

“…It has multiple fuels uses-hydrogen vehicles, stationary power sources, building heating, industrial feedstock, and industrial energy [17] (Figure 3). Thus, hydrogen is attracting the Hydrogen storage methods (adopted from [16]).…”

Metal Hydrides and Metal-Organic Frameworks for Hydrogen Storage in Automotive Applications: A Review

“…While these renewable sources of energy are promising for addressing global climate issues, they also have a number of drawbacks. The generation of energy from these sources highly depends on the climatic conditions, hence, fluctuations and intermittency make it difficult to evaluate their power-generating capacity, which leads to an imbalance between power generation and load demand [2]. These energy sources are also, most of the time, located far away from the energy demand, making it difficult to transport energy.…”

Una revisión del uso del hidrógeno en motores de encendido por compresión (diésel) y un análisis de su posible uso en motores duales en Colombia

“…También se ha revisado el potencial de la región colombiana respecto a la producción y almacenamiento del hidrógeno. Se dice que es un medio prometedor de almacenamiento de energía, y se enmarcan los mecanismos para la producción de hidrógeno y los retos que debe afrontar el país para poder incluir este combustible en la matriz energética [19].…”