Energy Systems Efficiency Influences the Results of 2,000 M Race Simulation Among Elite Rowers

Martin, Ștefan Adrian; Tomescu, Valeriu

doi:10.15386/cjmed-675

Cited by 14 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…These physical and physiological capabilities differ depending on the sport practiced [ 2 ]. Consequently, the activity’s specificity must be taken into account in the training of elite athletes [ 3 ]. As previously reported, a 0.6% performance improvement today is sufficient to make a difference in sports performance [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Sport Supplement Consumption and Body Composition in Spanish Elite Rowers

et al. 2020

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The aim of this study was to analyze the anthropometric characteristics and sport supplement (SS) consumption patterns of heavyweight and lightweight international rowers. Methods: The 13 heavyweights (11 males) and seven lightweights (five males) of the Spanish National Rowing Team were recruited for the study. Body composition was measured by bio-impedance analysis, and the questionnaire used in this investigation was previously validated to assess SS consumption. According to anthropometrics parameters, it was reported that male heavyweight rowers were heavier (p < 0.001) and taller (p < 0.001), but no statistical differences were reported for % body fat (p = 0.104) or % lean body mass (p = 0.161). All rowers reported consumption of at least one SS. Based on the Australian Institute of Sport’s classification, higher medical supplement consumption was observed when comparing heavyweight rowers to lightweight rowers (2.5 ± 1.1 vs. 1.7 ± 0.5, p = 0.040). There were no differences in the totals of group A (strong scientific evidence for sports scenarios, p = 0.069), group B (emerging scientific support, deserving of further research, p = 0.776), or group C (scientific evidence not supportive of benefit and/or security amongst athletes, p = 0.484). The six most consumed SSs were iron (85%), caffeine (85%), β-alanine (85%), energy bars (85%), vitamin supplements (80%), and isotonic drinks (80%), with no statistical differences between heavyweight and lightweight rowers (p > 0.05). These results suggest that the absence of differences in body composition (expressed as a percentage) do not represent anthropometric disadvantages for heavyweight rowers. In addition, SS consumption was similar between rowers, reporting only higher medical supplement consumption in heavyweight rowers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Sport Supplement Consumption and Body Composition in Spanish Elite Rowers

et al. 2020

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“…Rowing is a distance-based Olympic sport, with international races organized over a 2000-m distance. Depending on the type of the boat, sex and age categories of athletes, rowing performances usually last 5-8 min, heavily relying on the aerobic (65-80%) and anaerobic (20-35%) metabolism to cover as fast as possible the race distance (Martin and Tomescu, 2017;Secher, 1993;Smith and Hopkins, 2012). Therefore, to achieve successful on water rowing performance, it is crucial to administer tactically the individual resources throughout the competition in relation to the opponents and the environmental changing conditions (Cerasola et al, 2018;Garland, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting the 2000‐m Rowing Ergometer Performance from Anthropometric, Maximal Oxygen Uptake and 60‐s Mean Power Variables in National Level Young Rowers

Cerasola

Bellafiore

Cataldo

et al. 2020

Journal of Human Kinetics

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Many studies reported various relationships between 2000-m rowing performance and anthropometric as well as metabolic variables, however, little is known about 60-s mean power in elite youth athletes. The aim of this study was to develop different regression models to predict 2000-m rowing indoor performance time (t2000) using anthropometric variables, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and mean power established during a 60-s all-out test (W60) in national elite youth rowers. Fifteen youth male Italian rowers (age: 15.7 ± 2.0 years; body height: 176.0 ± 8.0 cm; body mass: 71.2 ± 10.0 kg) performed an incremental maximal test, a 60-s all-out test and a 2000-m race simulation using a Concept2 rowing ergometer to assess VO2max, W60 and t2000, respectively. The relationships of all variables with t2000 were investigated through Pearson’s correlation. Multiple regression analyses were used to verify the best prediction model of 2000-m indoor rowing performance. The reliability of these models was expressed by R2 and the standard error of estimate. The results showed that t2000 was significantly correlated with all the examined variables, except for VO2max/body mass and age, and exhibited the significantly highest relationship with W60 (r = -0.943). The combination of anthropometric, VO2max and W60 variables was found to be the most reliable equation to predict t2000 (R2 = 0.94, SEE = 6.4). W60 measure should be considered when monitoring the rower’s capability to perform high-intensity phases, important during the race’s fast start and end. Not requiring expensive equipment and long duration, a 60-s all-out test could be considered a valuable tool for predicting 2000-m performance of elite youth rowers.

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“…Rowing is a high-intensity sport that involves both the upper and lower body. As described in the previous section, a rowing competition takes 6–8 min on a 2000-m course and requires a sufficient amount of glycogen in muscles for energy [ 2 , 10 ]. Glycogen can be stored in muscle and in the liver through carbohydrate consumption.…”

Section: Nutrition For Rowing Performance In Competition or Trainimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Competitions can be classified according to the number of occupants in a boat (single, double/pair, four/quad, eight), the presence of a coxswain steering, and whether the boat is sculled (two oars per person) or rowed (one oar each) [ 1 ]. In general, a rowing competition takes place on a 2000-m course and the exercise lasts 6–8 min, with a number of muscle groups being involved (legs about 65%, back about 25%, and arms about 10%) [ 2 ]. During 2000-m rowing, muscle glycogen is mainly used as the energy substrate of the aerobic energy system, accounting for about 77% of the total energy supply, while 33% of the total energy supply is supplied from the anaerobic energy system (phosphates, ATP, and phosphocreatine), which contributes to the energy supply in the initial stage of rowing [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, a rowing competition takes place on a 2000-m course and the exercise lasts 6–8 min, with a number of muscle groups being involved (legs about 65%, back about 25%, and arms about 10%) [ 2 ]. During 2000-m rowing, muscle glycogen is mainly used as the energy substrate of the aerobic energy system, accounting for about 77% of the total energy supply, while 33% of the total energy supply is supplied from the anaerobic energy system (phosphates, ATP, and phosphocreatine), which contributes to the energy supply in the initial stage of rowing [ 2 ]. In order for rowing athletes to improve their records and win medals, highly developed aerobic and anaerobic systems are required [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nutritional Strategies to Optimize Performance and Recovery in Rowing Athletes

Kim

2020

Nutrients

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Rowing is a high-intensity sport requiring a high level of aerobic and anaerobic capacity. Although good nutrition is essential for successful performance in a rowing competition, its significance is not sufficiently established. This review aimed to provide nutritional strategies to optimize performance and recovery in rowing athletes based on a literature review. Following the guidelines given in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), we performed web searches using online databases (Pubmed, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, ACS Publications, and SciFinder). Typically, a rowing competition involves a 6–8-min high-intensity exercise on a 2000-m course. The energy required for the exercise is supplied by muscle-stored glycogens, which are derived from carbohydrates. Therefore, rowing athletes can plan their carbohydrate consumption based on the intensity, duration, and type of training they undergo. For effective and safe performance enhancement, rowing athletes can take supplements such as β-alanine, caffeine, β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyric acid (HMB), and beetroot juice (nitrate). An athlete may consume carbohydrate-rich foods or use a carbohydrate mouth rinse. Recovery nutrition is also very important to minimize the risk of injury or unexplained underperformance syndrome (UUPS) from overuse. It must take into account refueling (carbohydrate), rehydration (fluid), and repair (protein). As lightweight rowing athletes often attempt acute weight loss by limiting food and fluid intake to qualify for a competition, they require personalized nutritional strategies and plans based on factors such as their goals and environment. Training and competition performance can be maximized by including nutritional strategies in training plans.

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Energy Systems Efficiency Influences the Results of 2,000 M Race Simulation Among Elite Rowers

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Analysis of Sport Supplement Consumption and Body Composition in Spanish Elite Rowers

Analysis of Sport Supplement Consumption and Body Composition in Spanish Elite Rowers

Predicting the 2000‐m Rowing Ergometer Performance from Anthropometric, Maximal Oxygen Uptake and 60‐s Mean Power Variables in National Level Young Rowers

Nutritional Strategies to Optimize Performance and Recovery in Rowing Athletes

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