Proceedings Fifth International Symposium on Wearable Computers
DOI: 10.1109/iswc.2001.962115
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Energy trade-offs in the IBM wristwatch computer

Abstract: We recently demonstrated a high function wrist watch computer prototype that runs the Linux operating system and also X11 graphics libraries. In this paper we describe the unique energy related challenges and tradeoffs we encountered while building this watch. We show that the usage duty factor for the device heavily dictates which of the powers, active power or sleep power, needs to be minimized more aggressively in order to achieve the longest perceived battery life. We also describe the energy issues that p… Show more

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Cited by 38 publications
(30 citation statements)
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“…As we will show, the relationship is indeed nonlinear. The IBM Linux Wrist Watch was one of the earliest users of OLED displays [11]. The work, however, did not employ or provide a power model for the OLED display.…”
Section: Second Given the Complete Bitmap Of The Display Content Homentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As we will show, the relationship is indeed nonlinear. The IBM Linux Wrist Watch was one of the earliest users of OLED displays [11]. The work, however, did not employ or provide a power model for the OLED display.…”
Section: Second Given the Complete Bitmap Of The Display Content Homentioning
confidence: 99%
“…They propose three optimizations that (1) vary the refresh rate to exploit the after-image caused by the time constant of the storage capacitors, (2) vary the color depth to be able to reduce the memory requirements and hence the memory power, and (3) vary the backlight luminance with a corresponding compensation of the brightness and contrast. Kamijoh et al [4] discuss the energy trade-offs in the IBM wristwatch computer. While they focus mainly on the hardware-level tradeoffs and kernel optimizations to use the various standby and idle configurations of hardware, they also discuss the implication of controlling the number of pixels turned on or off on the energy as well as reducing the duty factor of the display to control the brightness of the entire screen (e.g., at night).…”
Section: Related Workmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We chose four locations: the left wrist, left hip and both shoes. The left wrist is the place where most people wear their watches where an acceleration sensor can easily be embedded [7]. The shoes are an ideal place to place self-powered acceleration sensor nodes [10].…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%