Energy transfer and the photon lifetime within an aerosol particle

Arnold, Stephen; Folan, Lorcan M.

doi:10.1364/ol.14.000387

Cited by 65 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The energy transfer significantly extends the laser emission wavelength range without the need to change the pump wavelength. Moreover, dye lasers based on energy transfer have a much higher pump efficiency and lower lasing threshold than the corresponding single dye lasers due to the low donor absorption loss at the acceptor lasing wavelength (14, 15).Generally, there are two transfer mechanisms between the donor and the acceptor in an optical cavity: nonradiative FRET (14-17), in which the transfer is mediated by short-ranged resonant dipole-dipole interaction, and cavity-assisted radiative transfer (18)(19)(20), in which the emission from the donor is first coupled into the cavity, which stores photons for an extended amount of time before they are reabsorbed by the acceptor. The FRET efficiency between a donor and acceptor pair is R 0 6 ∕ðR 0 6 þ r 6 Þ, where R 0 and r are the Förster distance and the donor-acceptor distance, respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, there are two transfer mechanisms between the donor and the acceptor in an optical cavity: nonradiative FRET (14-17), in which the transfer is mediated by short-ranged resonant dipole-dipole interaction, and cavity-assisted radiative transfer (18)(19)(20), in which the emission from the donor is first coupled into the cavity, which stores photons for an extended amount of time before they are reabsorbed by the acceptor. The FRET efficiency between a donor and acceptor pair is R 0 6 ∕ðR 0 6 þ r 6 Þ, where R 0 and r are the Förster distance and the donor-acceptor distance, respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The FRET efficiency between a donor and acceptor pair is R 0 6 ∕ðR 0 6 þ r 6 Þ, where R 0 and r are the Förster distance and the donor-acceptor distance, respectively. The cavity-assisted transfer efficiency is determined by the fraction of donor emission into cavity modes and the probability of acceptor reabsorption (18,19) (see SI Text for detailed analysis). Unfortunately, to date only a handful of energy transfer based optofluidic lasers have been demonstrated (15,17).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Bioinspired optofluidic FRET lasers via DNA scaffolds

Sun

Shopova

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

149

116

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Optofluidic dye lasers hold great promise for adaptive photonic devices, compact and wavelength-tunable light sources, and micro total analysis systems. To date, however, nearly all those lasers are directly excited by tuning the pump laser into the gain medium absorption band. Here we demonstrate bioinspired optofluidic dye lasers excited by FRET, in which the donor-acceptor distance, ratio, and spatial configuration can be precisely controlled by DNA scaffolds. The characteristics of the FRET lasers such as spectrum, threshold, and energy conversion efficiency are reported. Through DNA scaffolds, nearly 100% energy transfer can be maintained regardless of the donor and acceptor concentration. As a result, efficient FRET lasing is achieved at an unusually low acceptor concentration of micromolar, over 1,000 times lower than that in conventional optofluidic dye lasers. The lasing threshold is on the order of μJ∕mm 2 . Various DNA scaffold FRET lasers are demonstrated to illustrate vast possibilities in optofluidic laser designs. Our work opens a door to many researches and applications such as intracavity bio/chemical sensing, biocontrolled photonic devices, and biophysics. O ptofluidic lasers are an emerging technology that combines the advantages of compactness and easy liquid manipulation of microfluidics, and dynamic wavelength tunability and broad spectral coverage of dye lasers (1-3). Optical feedback in those optofluidic lasers has been achieved using high-Q ring resonators [e.g., microdroplets (4, 5), microspheres (6), microcylinders (7), microcapillaries (8, 9), and microfiber knots (10)], Fabry-Pérot cavities (11, 12), and distributed feedback gratings (3, 13). In nearly all those lasers, the gain medium is directly excited by tuning the pump laser into the dye absorption band, which requires that the pump laser wavelength match the particular dye absorption. An alternative excitation scheme is through energy transfer, in which dye mixtures, composed of the donor and the acceptor, are used. Donors are directly excited and subsequently transfer energy to acceptors for lasing. The energy transfer significantly extends the laser emission wavelength range without the need to change the pump wavelength. Moreover, dye lasers based on energy transfer have a much higher pump efficiency and lower lasing threshold than the corresponding single dye lasers due to the low donor absorption loss at the acceptor lasing wavelength (14, 15).Generally, there are two transfer mechanisms between the donor and the acceptor in an optical cavity: nonradiative FRET (14-17), in which the transfer is mediated by short-ranged resonant dipole-dipole interaction, and cavity-assisted radiative transfer (18)(19)(20), in which the emission from the donor is first coupled into the cavity, which stores photons for an extended amount of time before they are reabsorbed by the acceptor. The FRET efficiency between a donor and acceptor pair is R 0 6 ∕ðR 0 6 þ r 6 Þ, where R 0 and r are the Förster distance and the donor-acceptor distance, r...

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioinspired optofluidic FRET lasers via DNA scaffolds

Sun

Shopova

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

149

116

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show abstract

“…An alternative excitation scheme is through the energy-transfer [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] , in which dye mixtures, composed of the donor and the acceptor, are used. Donor dye molecules are directly excited by the pump laser and subsequently transfer energy to excite the acceptor molecules for lasing.…”

Section: Ofrr Dye Lasers: Energy Transfermentioning

confidence: 99%

Optofluidic ring resonator dye lasers

2010

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We overview the recent progress on optofluidic ring resonator (OFRR) dye lasers developed in our research group. The fluidics and laser cavity design can be divided into three categories: capillary optofluidic ring resonator (COFRR), integrated cylindrical optofluidic ring resonator (ICOFRR), and coupled optofluidic ring resonator (CpOFRR). The COFRR dye laser is based on a micro-sized glass capillary with a wall thickness of a few micrometers. The capillary circular cross-section forms the ring resonator and supports the whispering gallery modes (WGMs) that interact evanescently with the gain medium in the core. The laser cavity structure is versatile to adapt to the gain medium of any refractive index. Owing to the high Q-factor (>10 9 ), the lasing threshold of 25 nJ/mm 2 is achieved. Besides directly pump the dye molecules, lasing through fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between the donor and acceptor dye molecules is also studied in COFRR laser. The energy transfer process can be further controlled by designed DNA scaffold labeled with donor/acceptor molecules. The ICOFRR dye laser is based on a cylindrical ring resonator fused onto the inner surface of a thick walled glass capillary. The structure has robust mechanical strength to sustain rapid gain medium circulation. The CpOFRR utilizes a cylindrical ring resonator fused on the inner surface of the COFRR capillary. Since the capillary wall is thin, the individual WGMs of the cylindrical ring resonator and the COFRR couples strongly and forms Vernier effect, which provides a way to generate a single mode dye laser.

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“…In addition to the short-ranged nonradiative Förster transfer, the energy transfer between donor and acceptor can also be achieved through the mediation of the WGM 26,27 . In the case of cavity-assisted radiative energy transfer, the donor emission is first coupled into the WGM that stores the photons for extended time for subsequent absorption by acceptors.…”

Section: Lasing Through Fretmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optofluidic Ring Resonator Dye Microlasers

Shopova¹,

Lacey²,

White³

et al. 2009

Integrated Analytical Systems

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We discuss versatile, miniaturized optofluidic ring resonator (OFRR) dye lasers that can be operated regardless of the refractive index of the liquid. The OFRR is a piece of a thin-walled fused silica capillary that integrates the photonic ring resonator with microfluidics. In an OFRR dye laser, the active lasing materials (such as dyes) are passed through the capillary whereas the circular cross section forms a ring resonator and supports whispering gallery modes that provide optical feedback for lasing. Because of the high Q-factors extremely low lasing threshold is achieved (25 nJ/mm 2 ). The operation wavelength can conveniently be changed by using different dyes and fine-tuned with solvent. The OFRR laser is excited through direct excitation or through efficient energy transfer. The laser can be efficiently out-coupled through a fiber taper in contact with the capillary, thus providing easy guiding for the laser emission. Theoretical analysis and experimental results for OFRR lasers are presented.

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Energy transfer and the photon lifetime within an aerosol particle

Cited by 65 publications

References 11 publications

Bioinspired optofluidic FRET lasers via DNA scaffolds

Bioinspired optofluidic FRET lasers via DNA scaffolds

Optofluidic ring resonator dye lasers

Optofluidic Ring Resonator Dye Microlasers

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