Energy Transfer Strategy for Urban Rail Transit Battery Energy Storage System to Reduce Peak Power of Traction Substation

Mathematical Models of Effective Topology of Computer Networks for Electric Power Supply Control on Railway Transport

“…node cl in the mathematical model in Equation (7) is formed in such a way that each l coordinate of it takes values x l = 1, if between the nodes cl and l there is the connection and x l = 0 if there is no connection, respectively, with a limited number q = n -1 of the nonzero vector elements Xcl . A combination of connections that provides the least value for the distance factor Fcl of a new node cl in the mathematical model in Equation (7), namely the minimum average topological distance in the local computer network of the traction substation, is optimal.…”

“…The concept of intelligent energetics has opened wide opportunities to conduct real-time synchronous vector measurements of the whole set of mode parameters in different points and segments of the distributed power system with rigid association to astronomical time and accuracy to several hundred nanoseconds, to implement direct observation of the dynamic characteristics of the power system, to calculate the coefficients of low-frequency oscillations, as well as to assess the level of instability risk. Monitoring of operating conditions of traction power systems may be achieved by combining controlled reactive power sources, energy storage systems, active harmonic conditioners and distributed generators [4][5][6][7][8][9]. The work [2] indicates to importance to conduct the dependability analysis for contemporary complex systems.…”

“…intelligent power supply network could be presented as a multidimensional object [3]. Modern intelligent means of computer analysis of primary acquired information provide an opportunity to investigate the fast-moving technological processes occurring in the power supply network, to determine in the rate of electric power supply properties and dynamic characteristics at a totally new level, to identify sources of low-frequency oscillations, types and features of their shape and places of occurring, characteristics of abnormal modes, as well as to determine the limit of the current power system stability [7][8][9][10][11][12]. European Commission has published a nearly 50-page-long document on cybersecurity in transport called the Transport cybersecurity toolkit [12].…”

Subway Traction Power Supply System Based on PWM Rectifier

“…The tension outer edge controls the stability of DC tension, and the AC side current of the current inner edge control device tracks the sinusoidal input voltage. [8][9][10] 3. Three-level SPWM Algorithm The decomposition of the three-level space vector region shown in figure 3 shows that the adjacent hexagons have overlapping regions.…”

Optimal operation of a smart railway station based on a multi‐energy hub structure considering environmental perspective and regenerative braking utilization

“…4,5 Regenerative braking denotes an energy recovery mechanism during braking that converts the kinetic energy into electrical form. 6 The converted energy is called regenerative braking energy that can use to supply the load of ERS, 7 sell back to the electric grid, 8 or store in ES. 9 Regarding the energy management of electric railway systems, quite a few researches have been done.…”