2004
DOI: 10.1016/s0140-9883(03)00056-2
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Energy use and output growth in Canada: a multivariate cointegration analysis

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Cited by 483 publications
(232 citation statements)
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“…They reported that energy consumption has a positive and significant effect on economic growth in Argentina, Italy and Korea and that unidirectional causality from economic growth to energy consumption also exists. Ghali and El-Sakka (2004) collected Canadian data for the period from 1961 to1997 to examine linkages between energy consumption and economics by applying the Johansen-Juselius (1990) and variance decomposition approaches. They confirmed the presence of bidirectional causality between energy consumption and economic growth.…”
Section: Electricity Consumption and Economic Growthmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…They reported that energy consumption has a positive and significant effect on economic growth in Argentina, Italy and Korea and that unidirectional causality from economic growth to energy consumption also exists. Ghali and El-Sakka (2004) collected Canadian data for the period from 1961 to1997 to examine linkages between energy consumption and economics by applying the Johansen-Juselius (1990) and variance decomposition approaches. They confirmed the presence of bidirectional causality between energy consumption and economic growth.…”
Section: Electricity Consumption and Economic Growthmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hondroyiannis et al (2002) in their analysis for Greece (1960Greece ( -1996 implemented the Johansen cointegration technique and the VECM causality framework as well as Ghali and El-Sakka (2004) under the same methodology for the Canadian economy , both found bidirectional causality between energy consumption and GDP. However, when Cleveland et al (2000) employed the standard Granger causality test, in a bivariate as well as in a multivariate framework, to the US economy they reached inconclusive results.…”
Section: Review Of the Literaturementioning
confidence: 99%
“…In fact, since the pioneering work of Kraft and Kraft (1978), the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth has become a hot topic in environmental science and energy economics. A large volume of empirical research from the last two decades confirms the existence of a strong historical correlation between these two variables, with most empirical results indicating that economic growth can indeed cause increases in energy consumption (Glasure, 2002;Ghali and El-Sakka, 2004;Akinlo, 2008;Apergis and Payne, 2009). Energy consumption, in turn, is now also generally recognized to be the main impact factor in relation to CO 2 emissions.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…Similar results were found by Wang et al (2013) in Guangdong, Paul and Bhattacharya (2004) in India, Elif et al (2011) in Turkey, Acaravci and Ozturk (2010) in Europe, and Al-mulali et al (2013) in Latin America and the Caribbean. To test for the existence of a long-run relationship, the cointegration techniques developed by Engle and Granger (1987) and Pedroni (1997Pedroni ( , 1999 were widely used among researchers (see for example, Stern, 2000;Ghali andEl-Sakka, 2004, andSqualli, 2007; for some recent studies on developed and developing countries, e.g. Hwang and Yoo, 2014;Yavuz, 2014;Salahuddin and Gow, 2014;Alshehry andBelloumi, 2015, andJoo et al, 2015).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%