Energy use, emissions, and air pollution reduction strategies in Asia

Foell, W.K.; Green, C.; Amann, Markus; Bhattacharya, Subhamoy; Carmichael, G. R.; Chadwick, M. J.; Cinderby, Steve; Haugland, Torleif; Hettelingh, Jean‐Paul; Hordijk, L.; Kuylenstierna, Johan; Shah, Jitendra J.; Shrestha, Rupendra; Streets, David G.; Zhao, Dan

doi:10.1007/bf01186173

Cited by 86 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In the early 1990s the outlook for the state of the environment in Asia, based on forecasted economic growth and the environmental protection laws and practices in place at that time, appeared bleak. It was projected that SO2 emissions in Asia might grow to 80-110 Tg yr -1 by 2020 (24). However, our analysis of sulfur emissions in Asia from 1975 to 2000 suggests that Asian sulfur emissions will not follow these earlier projections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Changing Trends in Sulfur Emissions in Asia: Implications for Acid Deposition, Air Pollution, and Climate

Carmichael

Streets

Calori

et al. 2002

Environ. Sci. Technol.

109

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In the early 1990s, it was projected that annual SO2 emissions in Asia might grow to 80-110 Tg yr(-1) by 2020. Based on new high-resolution estimates from 1975 to 2000, we calculate that SO2 emissions in Asia might grow only to 40-45 Tg yr(-1) by 2020. The main reason for this lower estimate is a decline of SO2 emissions from 1995 to 2000 in China, which emits about two-thirds of Asian SO2. The decline was due to a reduction in industrial coal use, a slowdown of the Chinese economy, and the closure of small and inefficient plants, among other reasons. One effect of the reduction in SO2 emissions in China has been a reduction in acid deposition not only in China but also in Japan. Reductions should also improve visibility and reduce health problems. SO2 emission reductions may increase global warming, but this warming effect could be partially offset by reductions in the emissions of black carbon. How SO2 emissions in the region change in the coming decades will depend on many competing factors (economic growth, pollution control laws, etc.). However a continuation of current trends would result in sulfur emissions lower than any IPCC forecasts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Changing Trends in Sulfur Emissions in Asia: Implications for Acid Deposition, Air Pollution, and Climate

Carmichael

Streets

Calori

et al. 2002

Environ. Sci. Technol.

109

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“…Rising population, rapid urbanization, transportation, and economic growth are reportedly the major causes behind the serious issues of air pollution in South Asian countries like Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka [1][2][3][4]. Over the last decade, emissions from the power plant sector, petroleum refineries, oil sector, industrial and domestic sectors have increased considerably [5][6][7][8] over south-Asia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Model Evaluation of Meteorological Drivers, Air Pollutants and Quantification of Emission Sources over the Upper Brahmaputra Basin

et al. 2019

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The temporal distributions of meteorological drivers and air pollutants over Dibrugarh, a location in the upper Brahmaputra basin, are studied using observations, models and reanalysis data. The study aims to assess the performance of the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem), the WRF coupled with Sulfur Transport dEposition Model (WRF-STEM), and Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) model over Dibrugarh for the first time. The meteorological variables and air pollutants viz., black carbon(BC), carbon monoxide(CO), sulphur dioxide(SO2), Ozone(O3), and oxides of Nitrogen(NOx) obtained from WRF-Chem, WRF-STEM and CAMS are evaluated with observations. The source region tagged CO simulated by WRF-STEM delineate the regional contribution of CO. The principal source region of anthropogenic CO over Dibrugarh is North-Eastern India with a 59% contribution followed by that from China (17%), Indo-Gangetic Plains (14%), Bangladesh (6%), other parts of India (3%) and other regions (1%). Further, the BC-CO regression analysis is used to delineate the local emission sources. The BC-CO correlations estimated from models (0.99 for WRF-Chem, 0.96 for WRF-STEM, 0.89 for CAMS), and reanalysis (0.8 for Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA2) are maximum in pre-monsoon whereas surface observations show highest correlations (0.81) in winter. In pre-monsoon season, 90% of the modeled CO is due to biomass burning over Dibrugarh.

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Precipitation fluctuations in the Nepal Himalaya and its vicinity and relationship with some large scale climatological parameters

et al. 2000

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Precipitation records from 78 stations distributed across Nepal were analysed and all‐Nepal (1948–1994) and subregional records (1959–1994) were developed. The all‐Nepal and regional precipitation series showed significant variability on annual and decadal time scales. Distinct long‐term trends were not found in these precipitation records. The all‐Nepal record agrees well with the precipitation records from northern India, while it does not compare well with the all‐India precipitation record. The all‐Nepal monsoon record is highly correlated with the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) series. The exceptionally dry year of 1992 recorded in Nepal coincides with the elongated El Niño of 1992–1993 and the Mount Pinatubo eruption. A remarkable cooling in the region covering the Tibetan Plateau also occurred in 1992, suggesting that Pinatubo aerosol played a major role in the drought of that particular year in Nepal. In other years, the correlation between the precipitation record from Nepal and the temperature of the Tibetan Plateau is not significant, while a stronger correlation with temperature over the Indian Ocean and southern India exists. This provides further support for the strong relationship between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and precipitation fluctuation in Nepal. The correlation is stronger between all‐Nepal monsoon precipitation and SOI averaged over seasons following the monsoon compared with seasons preceding the monsoon. Copyright © 2000 Royal Meteorological Society

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Energy use, emissions, and air pollution reduction strategies in Asia

Cited by 86 publications

References 4 publications

Changing Trends in Sulfur Emissions in Asia: Implications for Acid Deposition, Air Pollution, and Climate

Changing Trends in Sulfur Emissions in Asia: Implications for Acid Deposition, Air Pollution, and Climate

Multi-Model Evaluation of Meteorological Drivers, Air Pollutants and Quantification of Emission Sources over the Upper Brahmaputra Basin

Precipitation fluctuations in the Nepal Himalaya and its vicinity and relationship with some large scale climatological parameters

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