Energy Use of Fine Grinding in Mineral Processing

Bakker, Jan de

doi:10.1007/s40553-013-0001-6

Cited by 30 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In grinding processes, energy consumption is a very important profitability criterion for the applied particular size reduction technology. The energy consumption of grinding is the subject of many studies, especially in the case of ball mills for grinding clinkers [8,9], fuels [10], iron ore [11], hematite ore [12], sulfide ore [13], wet ores [14], and in the case of stirred mills for grinding ores [15][16][17] and wet quartz [18]. In [19,20], the energy efficiency of various coals grinding in the ball-and-race mills is studied experimentally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the Grinding Energy Density in a Jet Mill

et al. 2021

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Raw materials are used in many industrial technologies. The raw material frequently has to be prepared as an intermediate with an appropriate particle size distribution, which requires the use of grinding. In grinding processes, energy consumption is a very important profitability criterion for the applied particular size reduction technology. The paper describes the comminution process that takes place in the jet mill using a modified form of the thermodynamic theory of grinding. In this theory, new material characteristics have been added: the surface and volumetric density of grinding energy. The thermodynamic theory is a combination of the classical Kick’s theory and the modified form of Rittinger’s theory. The tested physical magnitudes are a measure of the energy consumption of the grinding process. They describe the energy that must be provided in the grinding process to overcome interactions between particles related to the volume and surface of the material. Knowledge of these magnitudes is necessary to model thermomechanical phenomena in the solid state. The paper presents the results of research on comminution in a jet mill, on the basis of which the values of the tested material magnitudes were determined. It is graphically shown how the values of the tested magnitudes depend on the grain size of the ground samples.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the Grinding Energy Density in a Jet Mill

et al. 2021

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“…Miao et al [3] examined the specific energy requirement for mechanical size reduction of selected biomaterials for biomass-based bioenergy using knife and hammer mills. Other aspects of grinding process such as energy efficiency [5], energy use pattern during mineral processing [6], strategies for improvement of milling performances [7] and effect of comminution device on quality of particles [8] are well documented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive Energy Requirement Models in Bio-fiber Comminution Process

2020

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Comminution of bio-fibers is necessary for their effective application in development of reinforced composite and feedstock; however, comminution is an energy intensive process and minimization of specific energy required in the size reduction of bio-fibers is an optimization task in design of various particulate based materials. The objective of this study was to model specific energy requirement in bio-fiber comminution process. The banana and coir bio-fibers used in the study were respectively extracted from post-harvest banana stem and outer shell of a coconut. Characterization of treated bio-fibers was done using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and comminution process was carried out in a laboratory-scale knife mill. Electrical energy was recorded using a plug-in power energy meter while Kick's, Rittinger's and Bond's energy laws provide insight into the relationship between particle size reduction and energy consumption during comminution process. The Rosin Rammler-Bennett (RRB) and Gaudin-Schuhmann (GS) models were fitted with MATLAB ® R2014a. The Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Response Surface Method (RSM) was utilised in predicting specific energy requirements as controlled by fiber treatment conditions, milling speed, initial fiber length and drying temperature. The predictive accuracy of the RSM and ANN models were adjudged adequate in terms of the process independent variables. A global optimal condition was found at 2% NaOH concentration, 29 mm fiber length, 1981 rpm mill speed and 41 °C drying temperature. At these conditions, specific energy was 1.430 kJ/kg for banana fiber and 1.109 kJ/ kg for coir fiber having desirability of unity.

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“…The grinding of minerals to powder-comminution-in order to extract metals from minerals, consumes a significant fraction of the global yearly energy production, and any optimization of this is of huge economical and environmental significance [12,13]. In geophysics, the triggering failure in landslides and snow avalanches are typically shear fractures, and perhaps the most magnificent fractured shear zones of all are tectonic faults.…”

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confidence: 99%

Friction of Shear-Fracture Zones

2017

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A shear fracture of brittle solids under compression undergoes a substantial evolution from the initial microcracking to a fully formed powder-filled shear zone. Experiments covering the entire process are relatively easy to conduct, but they are very difficult to investigate in detail. Numerically, the large strain limit has remained a challenge. An efficient simulation model and a custom-made experimental device are employed to test to what extent a shear fracture alone is sufficient to drive material to spontaneous selflubrication. A "weak shear zone" is an important concept in geology, and a large number of explanations, specific for tectonic conditions, have been proposed. We demonstrate here that weak shear zones are far more general, and that their emergence only demands that a microscopic, i.e., fragment-scale, stress relaxation mechanism develops during the fracture process.

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Energy Use of Fine Grinding in Mineral Processing

Cited by 30 publications

References 13 publications

Research on the Grinding Energy Density in a Jet Mill

Research on the Grinding Energy Density in a Jet Mill

Predictive Energy Requirement Models in Bio-fiber Comminution Process

Friction of Shear-Fracture Zones

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