Energy utilization and efficiency analysis for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles

Moore, Robert M.; Hauer, Karl-Heinz; Ramaswamy, Sitaram; Cunningham, Joshua

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.12.083

Cited by 46 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…It means 19 kg capacity of tank can store only 1 kg liquid hydrogen, energy density is 7.2 MJ/kg (9.8 MJ/L). Furthermore, the efficiency of a fuel cell unit is about 51.8%, and the energy loss in other electric devices the final efficiency is about 41.6% (Moore et al 2006). …”

Section: Motor Powered Plans By Different Energy Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility Study of Motor Powered Agricultural Tractors Based on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Energy Sources

Jing

Noguchi

Ahamed

2018

Agricultural Information Research

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The alternate power utilization instead of Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) in an agricultural tractor (AT) was studied by simulation approach for the drivelines of electric battery (EB), fuel cell (FC) and reformed methanol fuel cell (RMFC). The working hours were considered 4 with comparison of weight, volume, soil pressure, and fuel efficiency. In weight comparison, 12% overweight in FC-AT, 16% overweight in RMFC-AT, and 99% overweight of EB-AT were observed for the rated output power of light duty tractor (17.25 kW). Less than 5% overweight of FC-AT and RMFC-AT, and 39%-62% overweight of EB-AT were observed for rated output power of medium and heavy-duty tractor (33.75-75.00 kW). Soil pressure in the root-growing block was observed less than 130 kPa for EB-AT, FC-AT, RMFC-AT in the rated output power from 17.25-75.00 kW. In all the alternatives, ±5% fluctuations in the volume were observed. In the design stage, we proposed, that FC-AT was the best alternative considering weight, volume, and soil pressure. Furthermore, the analytical software AVL Cruise ® was used for vehicle drive line system to find out how weight affects the performance for 75.00 kW EB-AT. The analysis was designed for 4 working hours with full load at 20 km/h of velocity using AVL Cruise ® . The peak velocity was found less than 14.1 km/h, and constant working time was only 3 hours, because of the severe overweight by EB storage.

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Section: Motor Powered Plans By Different Energy Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility Study of Motor Powered Agricultural Tractors Based on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Energy Sources

Jing

Noguchi

Ahamed

2018

Agricultural Information Research

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“…These spikes came from the short circuit unit (SCU) at Horizon fuel cell. The SCU gave the load to the fuel cells to keep the good condition of the fuel cell for long-term performance [4]. Fig.…”

Section: Run On Batterymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The different drive cycle would result in different energy efficiency. Moore et al [4] showed that the car with the US06 drive cycle test produced lower energy efficiency than HIWAT, FUDS, and ECE drive cycle, which were less aggressive than US06.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance measurement of the upgraded Microcab-H4 with academic drive cycle

Rais

Fisher

Dhir

et al. 2016

CST

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The original Microcab-H4, a hybrid fuel cell car, was tested with Academic drive cycle. After several years, the car was upgraded and tested with the ECE 15 drive cycle. The result showed the car has higher energy efficiency. However, the result could not be compared to the original car due to different drive cycle test. This research was done to measure the performance and energy efficiency of the Upgraded Microcab-H4 with Academic drive cycle. The measure of car energy efficiency was done through four tests: Run on battery, run on battery and Ballard fuel cell, and run on battery, Ballard, and Horizon fuel cell. The energy efficiency was calculated based on the hydrogen consumption after 5 cycles. The lowest energy efficiency was run on battery and Ballard fuel cell with (1.01 km/MJ). The highest energy efficiency was run on battery, Ballard, and Horizon fuel cells (1.10 km/MJ), which is higher than previous tests.

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“…CFD-based models indeed provide insight into detailed phenomena along with high level of predictability and high accuracy; however, they are also characterized by very long computational times inherent to their comprehensive modelling framework. Long computational times are a major disadvantage whenever a large number of simulation results are required to be obtained in reasonable amount of time which is typical for tasks such as: (a) rapid testing of different design options [10,11] including the ultra large scale [9]; (b) modelling of larger systems powered by fuel cells, e.g., the entire fuel cell powered vehicle [12,13]; (c) modelling transient operation of the fuel cell powered systems [14,15] and (d) development of control functionalities [15,16]. Among these, fast computation is of most crucial importance in models for which real time capability is mandatory such as in [12,14,16] or any hardware-in-the-loop model application.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Innovative Hybrid 3D Analytic-Numerical Approach for System Level Modelling of PEM Fuel Cells

Tavčar

Katrašnik

2013

Energies

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Abstract:The PEM fuel cell model presented in this paper is based on modelling species transport and coupling electrochemical reactions to species transport in an innovative way. Species transport is modelled by obtaining a 2D analytic solution for species concentration distribution in the plane perpendicular to the gas-flow and coupling consecutive 2D solutions by means of a 1D numerical gas-flow model. The 2D solution is devised on a jigsaw puzzle of multiple coupled domains which enables the modelling of parallel straight channel fuel cells with realistic geometries. Electrochemical and other nonlinear phenomena are coupled to the species transport by a routine that uses derivative approximation with prediction-iteration. A hybrid 3D analytic-numerical fuel cell model of a laboratory test fuel cell is presented and evaluated against a professional 3D computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation tool. This comparative evaluation shows very good agreement between results of the presented model and those of the CFD simulation. Furthermore, high accuracy results are achieved at computational times short enough to be suitable for system level simulations. This computational efficiency is owed to the semi-analytic nature of its species transport modelling and to the efficient computational coupling of electrochemical kinetics and species transport.

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Energy utilization and efficiency analysis for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles

Cited by 46 publications

References 1 publication

Feasibility Study of Motor Powered Agricultural Tractors Based on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Energy Sources

Feasibility Study of Motor Powered Agricultural Tractors Based on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Energy Sources

Performance measurement of the upgraded Microcab-H4 with academic drive cycle

An Innovative Hybrid 3D Analytic-Numerical Approach for System Level Modelling of PEM Fuel Cells

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