Engagement in Games: Developing an Instrument to Measure Consumer Videogame Engagement and Its Validation

Abstract

The aim of the study is to develop a new instrument to measure engagement in videogame play termed as consumer videogame engagement. The study followed the scale development procedure to develop an instrument to measure the construct of consumer videogame engagement. In this study, we collected the data in two different phases comprising study 1 (n=136) and study 2 (n=270). We employed SPSS 22.0 for exploratory factor analysis using study 1 respondents to explore the factors for consumer videogame engagement and reliability analysis. Results of EFA resulted with six-factor solution. We further used SmartPLS 3.0 software on study 2 respondents to further confirm the six-factor solution as reflective measurement model on the first-order level, and three second-order formative constructs on the second-order or higher-order level as formative measurement model. Results of the reflective measurement model and formative measurement model evidenced that consumer videogame engagement has strong psychometric properties and is a valid instrument to measure engagement in videogame play. Results also confirmed that consumer videogame engagement is a multidimensional construct as well as a reflective-formative construct. The study is unique in its investigation as it develops an instrument to measure engagement in videogame play which comprises the cognitive, affective, and behavioral dimensions.

An exploratory study of the relationship between meaning-making and quality in games

“…motivation, engagement, learning, etc. ), without emphasizing the relationship between these processes and concrete features of game systems [1,7,8,10,13,29,32,33,35,41]. Thus, as the study of games and the player experience evolved, the need emerged for integrative perspectives and instruments, suitable to account for the complex interplay of game features and the diverse psychological processes that underpin the gameplay activity [8,15,39].…”

Evaluating Affective User-Centered Design of Video Games Using Qualitative Methods

“…Player's emotions usually act as mediator for player engagement within the game [8,9]. "Emotion" is often used interchangeably with "affect".…”

Gender Differences and Consumer Videogame Engagement

“…The term engagement in digital game has been conceptualized as a multidimensional concept [5,6] that can be related with several other theories such as; immersion [2,3,7], flow [8], fun [9], presence [10], enjoyment [11,12], arousal [13], motivations in videogame play [14], game-engagement [15], user-engagement [16,17], and consumer videogame engagement [18,19] Through an extant review of literature, it has been evidenced that prior studies have investigated engagement in the following researches such as, Schoenau-Fog [20] examined consumer motives for engagement in digital gaming. Skoric, Teo [4] Conducted another study to investigate the relation between videogame engagement and scholastic accomplishment but the results were insignificant.…”

“…However, authors resulted that there is no significant differences of gender on game engagement questionnaire. In this study, we want to reinvestigate this research question by using another scale of consumer videogame engagement, which is recently developed by [18,19] . The main reason behind using this measure is, it has the ability to capture various engagement states such as cognitive, affective, and behavioral engagement in digital games, which no other measures do.…”