Engagement with life among the oldest-old in assisted living facilities: enriching activities and developmental adaptation to physical loss

Abstract

The objective of this study was to examine the activities, motivations, and barriers of activity engagement in the oldest-old residing in assisted living facilities (ALFs). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 participants, aged 80–94 (standard deviation = 4.38), from two ALFs. Thematic analyses were used to identify and corroborate clusters of experiences. All residents stated that they desired enriching activities, most often in the form of productive work or community events. Although engaging in enriching activities was a universal desire, residents who experienced more functional limitations had an increased difficulty satisfying this need. Participants believed that activities offered by the ALF primarily served those who are cognitively impaired. ALF residents with severe mobility issues were not able to access more enriching activities outside the ALF compared to those with fewer physical limitations. However, the more physically impaired residents used a range of adaption methods that fit into the selection, optimisation, and compensation framework to overcome barriers to participate in meaningful activities. ALF residents who are cognitively fit but experience severe mobility limitations may be the most in need of enriching activities. To help these residents maintain a high quality of life, ALFs need to provide activities that appeal to residents of varying cognitive abilities and provide interventions to help aid their adaption to physical loss.

Using Voice and Touchscreen Controlled Smart Speakers to Protect Vulnerable Clients in Long-Term Care Facilities

“…This pilot study is consistent with previous research that ICT can work for a variety of clients ( Ho, 2018 ; Jones, 2019 ; Kim, 2021 ; Masina et al, 2020 ; O’Brien et al, 2020 ; Pradhan et al, 2018 ), while also benefitting caseworkers, facilities, and clients’ families. Although, we were unable to measure these constructs directly, these results align with previous research on technology’s ability to reduce isolation or loneliness and provide stimulation, engagement, and entertainment for older adults and those with IDDs ( Boeder et al, 2020 ; Demiris et al, 2008 ). Although we were unable to interview facility staff, such devices have the potential to enhance resident cognitive engagement.…”

“…Prior to COVID-19, ICT use was primarily initiated by LTC facility residents to communicate with friends, family, and supports. Residents have also used ICTs for entertainment (e.g., watching movies), stimulation (e.g., puzzles), and information (e.g., news; Baker et al, 2018 ; Blaschke et al, 2009 ; Boeder et al, 2020 ; Chen & Schulz, 2016 ; Demiris et al, 2008 ). Several studies found that ICTs reduce social isolation and loneliness and increase stimulation and social connectedness in LTC facilities ( Baker et al, 2018 ; Chen & Schulz, 2016 ; Edelman et al, 2020 ; Ibarra et al, 2020 ; Kluck et al, 2021 ).…”