“…• Working with multiple historical sources, emphasis on primary sources, whether written or visual • Identifying texts as primary and secondary sources • Introducing multiple perspectives and questioning the authority of single narratives (textbooks, teacher) • Exposing students to the language of historical knowledge • Favoring classroom activities requiring students not only to collect information but to construct knowledge • Providing procedural knowledge Most of the literacy-related research in history education concerns the secondary level (e.g. Howard al, 2021;Learned 2018;Masuda, 2014;Nokes, 2010;Paxton, 1997;Reisman, 2012Reisman, , 2015; only a few have focused at the elementary level (Hughes, 2021;Khawaja, 2018;Nokes, 2014;Stolare, 2017;VanSledright, 2002). The focus has mainly been on students' ability to think historically (e.g.…”