Engine in the Loop: Closed Loop Test Bench Control with Real-Time Simulation

Klein, Serge; Savelsberg, René; Xia, Feihong; Guse, Daniel; Andert, Jakob; Blochwitz, Torsten; Bellanger, Claudia; Walter, Stefan; Beringer, Steffen; Jochheim, Janek; Amringer, Nicolas

doi:10.4271/2017-01-0219

Cited by 52 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…With the minimum energy reserved for system startup and the regeneration of energy by motor breaking: E BP,sizing = E BP,max + E starup,min + E regen,max (12) where E starup,min is the reserved energy for startup, E regen,max is the maximum reserved energy capacity for regeneration.…”

Section: Battery Sizing Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under uch circumstances, model-based development processes and closed-loop environment simulation echnology have been widely used and have brought very successful results [11][12][13].X-in-the-Loop XiL) is an integrated in-loop method, and the concept was first proposed by Professor Albers from IT, Germany [14].Where X refers to the unit under test, which can be a model (model in the loop, There is a basic powertrain system research procedure [3,4]: the first step is to decide the system architecture with model simulation technology, then put the physical parts into a dynamometer environment for evaluation and model identification. The final step is to design and verify the vehicle control strategy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under such circumstances, model-based development processes and closed-loop environment simulation technology have been widely used and have brought very successful results [11][12][13]. X-in-the-Loop (XiL) is an integrated in-loop method, and the concept was first proposed by Professor Albers from KIT, Germany [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of the X-in-the-Loop Testing Method in the FCV Hybrid Degree Test

et al. 2018

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Abstract:With the development of fuel cell vehicle technology, an effective testing method that can be applied to develop and verify the fuel cell vehicle powertrain system is urgently required. This paper presents the X-in-the-Loop (XiL) testing method in the fuel cell vehicle (FCV) hybrid degree test to resolve the first and key issues for the powertrain system design, and the test process and scenarios were designed. The hybrid degree is redefined into the static hybrid degree for system architecture design and the dynamic hybrid degree for vehicle control strategy design, and an integrated testing platform was introduced and a testing application was implemented by following the designed testing flowchart with two loops. Experimental validations show that the sizing of the FCE (Fuel Cell Engine), battery pack, and traction motor with the powertrain architecture can be determined, the control strategy can be evaluated seamlessly, and a systematic powertrain testing solution can be achieved through the whole development process. This research has developed a new testing platform and proposed a novel testing method on the fuel cell vehicle powertrain system, which will be a contribution to fuel cell vehicle technology and its industrialization.

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Section: Battery Sizing Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of the X-in-the-Loop Testing Method in the FCV Hybrid Degree Test

et al. 2018

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“…Recent works have been published on the control of engine test benches, related to different studies cases: in [18] the authors proposed a nonlinear output feedback controller based on a reduced order observer to solve a set point tracking problem of a combustion engine test bench; in [19] an active vibration damping method through specific control of the dynamometric brake based on a Kalman filter was proposed; and in [20] a test bench control was simulated, including, in addition to the combustion engine test bench, the transmission model and the dynamic of the vehicle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control Applied to a Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine Test Bench under Transient Operation: Impact on Engine Performance and Pollutant Emissions

et al. 2017

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This work presents a methodology to adjust the electronic control system of a reciprocating internal combustion engine test bench and the effect of the control parameters on emissions produced by the engine under two extreme situations: unadjusted and adjusted, both under transient operation. The aim is to provide a tuning guide to those in charge of this equipment not needed to be experts in control engineering. The proposed methodology covers from experimental plant modelling to control parameters determination and experimental validation. The methodology proposed includes the following steps: (i) Understanding of test bench and mathematical modeling; (ii) Model parameters identification; (iii) Control law proposal and tuning from simulation and (iv) Experimental validation. The work has been completed by presenting a comparative experimental study about the effect of the test bench control parameters on engine performance profiles (engine speed, engine torque and relative fuel air ratio) and on regulated gaseous emissions (nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons concentrations) and the profile of number of particles emitted. The whole process, including experimental validation, has been carried out in a test bench composed of a turbocharged, with common rail injection system, light duty diesel engine coupled to a Schenck E-90 eddy current dynamometric brake and its related Schenk X-act control electronics. The work demonstrates the great effect of the test bench control tuning under transient operation on performance and emissions produced by the engine independently of the engine accelerator position demanded before and after the test bench tuning.

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“…High-precision engine simulation models based on WAVE, GT-Power and other software can obtain relatively accurate engine combustion state information, but are only available for off-line analysis. The control model based on the zerodimensional combustion model can meet the requirements of the real-time calculation and can be used to design the control strategy [7,8], but fails to accurately predict the situations outside the calibration conditions. The engine quasidimensional combustion model is a mathematical model which is based on the cylinder working process, and divides the cylinder combustion chamber into several units that meet zerodimensional combustion assumptions to be calculated individually.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control -Oriented Modeling and Experimental Study on Low Temperature Combustion for Diesel Engine

Fei

Zhang²,

Dong

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the 2017 2nd International Conference on Control, Automation and Artificial Intelligence (CAAI 2017)

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Abstract-Diesel low-temperature combustion (LTC) has great potential on ultra-low emissions for internal combustion engine and has been widely researched in recent years. In order to enhance the stability of diesel LTC and improve the transient performance during low temperature combustion and conventional combustion mode switching, accurate prediction of the in-cylinder combustion state in diesel engine is required, and the control strategy should be adjusted accordingly. A controloriented combustion model which consists of the dynamic model of the intake, compression, combustion, expansion and exhaust process of diesel LTC is developed basing on in-cylinder thermodynamic cycle. The model was verified and validated with experimental data. Comparison between the calculation result and the experimental data shows that in LTC combustion mode, the maximum calculation error of indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) is -5.4%, and the maximum calculation error of crank angle for 50% burnt fuel (CA50) is 6.6%. The results prove that the state parameters of diesel engine could be predicted accurately with this model, which is fundamental for model-based control of diesel low temperature combustion.

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Engine in the Loop: Closed Loop Test Bench Control with Real-Time Simulation

Cited by 52 publications

References 10 publications

Application of the X-in-the-Loop Testing Method in the FCV Hybrid Degree Test

Application of the X-in-the-Loop Testing Method in the FCV Hybrid Degree Test

Control Applied to a Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engine Test Bench under Transient Operation: Impact on Engine Performance and Pollutant Emissions

Control -Oriented Modeling and Experimental Study on Low Temperature Combustion for Diesel Engine

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