Engineered/designer biochar for the removal of phosphate in water and wastewater

Vikrant, Kumar; Kim, Ki‐Hyun; Ok, Yong Sik; Tsang, Daniel C.W.; Tsang, Yiu Fai; Giri, Balendu Shekher; Singh, Ram Sharan

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.193

Cited by 288 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 182 publications

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“…magnesium oxides; MgO) can be assumed 27 . The higher removal rates of phosphorous in biochar filters can be explained by the high adsorption potential of biochar as reported elsewhere 16,28 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

Slow sand filtration of raw wastewater using biochar as an alternative filtration media

Kaetzl

Lübken

Nettmann

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The efficiency of anaerobic biofilters (AnBF) as low-cost wastewater treatment systems was investigated. Miscanthus-biochar was used as filtration media and compared with sand as a common reference material. Raw sewage from a municipal wastewater treatment plant was stored in a sedimentation tank for two days to allow pre-settlement of wastewater particles. Subsequently, wastewater was treated by AnBFs at 22 °C room temperature at a hydraulic loading rate of 0.05 m•h −1 with an empty bed contact time of 14.4 h and a mean organic loading rate of 509 ± 173 g coD •m −3 •d −1 . Mean removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) of biochar filters was with 74 ± 18% significantly higher than of sand filters (61 ± 12%). In contrast to sand filters with a mean reduction of 1.18 ± 0.31 log-units, E. coli removal through biochar was with 1.35 ± 0.27 log-units significantly higher and increased with experimental time. Main removal took place within the schmutzdecke, a biologically active dirt layer that develops simultaneously on the surface of filter beds. Since the E. coli contamination of both filter materials was equal, the higher removal efficiency of biochar filters is probably a result of an improved biodegradation within deeper zones of the filter bed. Overall, performance of biochar filters was better or equal compared to sand and have thus demonstrated the suitability of Miscanthus-biochar as filter media for wastewater treatment.www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ degradation during storage time. To avoid sedimentation, the storage reservoir was continuously stirred (IKA RW 10 R, IKA-Werke, Staufen, Germany) and renewed every two days.The filters were fed by peristaltic pumps (Watson Marlow 205 S and Watson Marlow 323 S; Falmouth, United Kingdom) with a constant HLR of 0.05 m•h −1 . The mean organic surface load was 366 ± 125 g COD •m −2 •d −1 and 111 ± 37 g TOC •m −2 •d −1 , respectively. This resulted in a mean OLR of 509 ± 173 g COD •m −3 •d −1 and 154 ± 52 g TOC •m −3 •d −1 (Table 1). The experiment was performed at constant room temperature (22 ± 1 °C) with an empty bed contact time of 14.4 h.Sampling. Before the first sampling filters were operated with wastewater for six days. Samples of influent and effluent were taken in sterile 50 mL tubes and tested immediately for FIB E. coli and enterococci, temperature, pH, EC and turbidity as well as stored for further physico-chemical analysis, namely NH 4 -N, P tot , COD and TOC at −20 °C. To develop a removal profile over filter depth, water samples were taken at the sampling ports (b), (c), (e) and the effluent (f, Fig. 6) 50 days after filter activation and analyzed for FIB concentrations.After 70 days, one sand and one biochar filter have been dismantled to sample filter material at the filter depths 0-5 cm (direct below the schmutzdecke), 10-15 cm, 20-25 cm and 40-45 cm. Filter material was tested for FIB and prepared for scanning electron microscope (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscope (cLSM) analysis. Scientific RepoRtS |(2...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 64%

Slow sand filtration of raw wastewater using biochar as an alternative filtration media

Kaetzl

Lübken

Nettmann

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…In addition, the value of 1/n is used to indicate the strength of process heterogeneity [41]. For instance, if the value of 1/n is less than 1, it implies the normal Langmuir isotherm models [27]. In contrast, the value of 1/n is above 1, it is indicative of cooperative adsorption.…”

Section: Adsorption Isothermmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At present, pristine and carbonaceous adsorbents are extracted from various agricultural/biological wastes such as coconut shell [22], rice husk [23], rice straws [24], almond shell [25] and wood char [26] for the abatement applications. In this regard, biochar (highly carbonaceous material synthesized through biomass pyrolysis under low oxygen atmosphere) has attracted widespread attention for the sorptive removal of dyes owing to their highly porous structure with great specific surface, cost effective synthesis owing the abundance of waste biomass and highly flexible applicability [27,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Patent Blue (V) Dye Using Indian Bael Shell Biochar: Characterization, Application and Kinetic Studies

et al. 2018

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The prospective utilization of bael shell (Aegle marmelos) as an agro-waste for the production of biochar was investigated along with its characterization and application for the abatement of hazardous aqueous Patent Blue (PB) dye solution. The sorptive removal of PB on bael shell biochar (BSB) was investigated under the following operational conditions: (pH, 2.7–10.4; biochar dosage, 2–12 g/L; and contact time, 0–60 min). The removal efficiency of PB by BSB in a batch adsorption experiment was 74% (pH 2.7 and 30 ± 5 °C). In addition, a clear relationship between the adsorption and pH of the solution was noticed and the proposed material recorded a maximum sorption capacity of 3.7 mg/g at a pH of 2.7. The adsorption of PB onto BSB was best explained by the pseudo-second order kinetic model (R2 = 0.972), thereby asserting the predominant role of chemisorption. The active role of multiple surface-active functionalities present on BSB during PB sorption was elucidated with the help of Freundlich isotherm (R2 = 0.968). Further, an adsorption mechanism was proposed by utilizing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).

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“…However, large amounts of phosphate in wastewater discharged into the environment are the main reason for eutrophication in aquatic environments, resulting in serious pollution and economic problems 1 . The source of phosphate pollution usually originates from a wide range of human activities such as agricultural runoff, domestic wastewater, and industrial discharge 2 . The discharge of phosphate into aqueous ecosystems has increased in recent decades due to human activities such as industrialization.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphate Adsorption by Silver Nanoparticles-Loaded Activated Carbon derived from Tea Residue

Trinh

Nguyen

Van

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

138

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Vu 6 , t. t. pham 7 , thi nu nguyen 8 , n. V. Quang 9 & X. c. nguyen 10,11* this study presents the removal of phosphate from aqueous solution using a new silver nanoparticlesloaded tea activated carbon (Agnps-tAc) material. in order to reduce costs, the tea activated carbon was produced from tea residue. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of impregnation ratio of Agnps and tAc, pH solution, contact time, initial phosphate concentration and dose of Agnps-Ac on removing phosphate from aqueous solution. Results show that the best conditions for phosphate adsorption occurred at the impregnation ratio AgNPs/TAC of 3% w/w, pH 3, and contact time lasting 150 min. The maximum adsorption capacity of phosphate on AgNPs-TAC determined by the Langmuir model was 13.62 mg/g at an initial phosphate concentration of 30 mg/L. The adsorption isotherm of phosphate on AgNPs-TAC fits well with both the Langmuir and Sips models. The adsorption kinetics data were also described well by the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-secondorder models with high correlation coefficients of 0.978 and 0.966, respectively. The adsorption process was controlled by chemisorption through complexes and ligand exchange mechanisms. this study suggests that Agnps-tAc is a promising, low cost adsorbent for phosphate removal from aqueous solution.

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Engineered/designer biochar for the removal of phosphate in water and wastewater

Cited by 288 publications

References 182 publications

Slow sand filtration of raw wastewater using biochar as an alternative filtration media

Slow sand filtration of raw wastewater using biochar as an alternative filtration media

Removal of Patent Blue (V) Dye Using Indian Bael Shell Biochar: Characterization, Application and Kinetic Studies

Phosphate Adsorption by Silver Nanoparticles-Loaded Activated Carbon derived from Tea Residue

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