Engineered Extracellular Vesicle-Encapsuled Nanoreactors for Effective Targeting and Cascade Killing of Cancer Cells

Wu, Man-Sha; Zhou, Ze-Rui; Wang, Xiao-Yuan; Lv, Jian; Li, Da-Wei; Qian, Ruo‐Can

doi:10.1021/acsabm.2c01019

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Wu et al reported extracellular vesicles encapsulated nanoreactor for the precise targeting and killing of cancer cells. [111] Their results showed that nanoreactor-targeted delivery to cancer cells significantly enhances the therapeutic effect, in which the killing rate up to 90% under laser irradiation. Furthermore, the nanoreactor could effectively inhibit the proliferation of cancer cell spheres, indicating good potential for improving combination therapy.…”

Section: Nanoreactors Developed Based On Polymer Vesiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatially Confined Nanoreactors Designed for Biological Applications

Wang,

Xie,

Zhao

2024

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The applications of nanoreactors in biology are becoming increasingly significant and prominent. Specifically, nanoreactors with spatially confined, due to their exquisite design that effectively limits the spatial range of biomolecules, attracted widespread attention. The main advantage of this structure is designed to improve reaction selectivity and efficiency by accumulating reactants and catalysts within the chambers, thus increasing the frequency of collisions between reactants. Herein, the recent progress in the synthesis of spatially confined nanoreactors and their biological applications is summarized, covering various kinds of nanoreactors, including porous inorganic materials, porous crystalline materials with organic components and self‐assembled polymers to construct nanoreactors. These design principles underscore how precise reaction control could be achieved by adjusting the structure and composition of the nanoreactors to create spatial confined. Furthermore, various applications of spatially confined nanoreactors are demonstrated in the biological fields, such as biocatalysis, molecular detection, drug delivery, and cancer therapy. These applications showcase the potential prospects of spatially confined nanoreactors, offering robust guidance for future research and innovation.

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Section: Nanoreactors Developed Based On Polymer Vesiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatially Confined Nanoreactors Designed for Biological Applications

Wang,

Xie,

Zhao

2024

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“…The therapeutic expectation from surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy for CRC is not so much significant and has multiple complications after treatment. Therapeutic approach based on exosomes is very efficient in cancer treatment. ,− High chemo exposure and CRC-derived exosomes miRNA-24 lead to the development of chemoresistance and stem cells of cancer cells. , Colon cancer stem cells (CSCs) are responsible for cancer recurrence even after treatment. However, it has also been shown that survivability can be improved by targeted therapy to eradicate CSCs .…”

Section: Exosome-based Therapeutic Approach For Crcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Impact of Exosomes in Colorectal Cancer Metastasis

Ghosh¹,

Dhar

Shivji

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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Cancer is a complex deadly disease that has caused a global health crisis in recent epochs. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant gastrointestinal disease. It has led to high mortality due to early diagnostic failure. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) come with promising solutions for CRC. Exosomes (a subpopulation of EVs) play a vital role as signaling molecules in CRC tumor microenvironment. It is secreted from all active cells. Exosome-based molecular transport (DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, etc.) transforms the recipient cell’s nature. In CRC, tumor cell-derived exosomes (TEXs) regulate multiple events of CRC development and progression such as immunogenic suppression, angiogenesis, epithelial–mesenchymal transitions (EMT), physical changes in the extracellular matrix (ECM), and metastasis. Biofluid-circulated tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs) are a potential tool for CRC liquid biopsy. Exosome-based colorectal cancer detection creates a great impact in CRC biomarker research. The exosome-associated CRC theranostics approach is a state-of-the-art method. In this review, we address the CRC and exosomes complex associated with cancer development and progression, the impact of exosomes on CRC screening (diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers), and also highlight several exosomes with CRC clinical trials, as well as future directions of exosome-based CRC research. Hopefully, it will encourage several researchers to develop a potential exosome-based theranostic tool to fight CRC.

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“…These nanoreactors have a variety of components that allow them to provide chemotherapeutic reagents, photothermal therapy sensitization, starvation therapy, and the generation of reactive oxygen species. When delivered in an EV without laser irradiation, they successfully destroyed 80% of cancer cells inside a 3D cancer cell sphere, and with laser irradiation, the cytotoxicity of cancer cells increased to 90% [113]. Future research should look to adapt these EV nanoreactors to be used in mouse models.…”

Section: Further Research and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineered Extracellular Vesicles: Emerging Therapeutic Strategies for Translational Applications

Ziegler,

Tian

2023

IJMS

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small, membrane-bound vesicles used by cells to deliver biological cargo such as proteins, mRNA, and other biomolecules from one cell to another, thus inducing a specific response in the target cell and are a powerful method of cell to cell and organ to organ communication, especially during the pathogenesis of human disease. Thus, EVs may be utilized as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers, but they also hold therapeutic potential just as mesenchymal stem cells have been used in therapeutics. However, unmodified EVs exhibit poor targeting efficacy, leading to the necessity of engineered EVS. To highlight the advantages and therapeutic promises of engineered EVs, in this review, we summarized the research progress on engineered EVs in the past ten years, especially in the past five years, and highlighted their potential applications in therapeutic development for human diseases. Compared to the existing stem cell-derived EV-based therapeutic strategies, engineered EVs show greater promise in clinical applications: First, engineered EVs mediate good targeting efficacy by exhibiting a targeting peptide that allows them to specifically target a specific organ or even cell type, thus avoiding accumulation in undesired locations and increasing the potency of the treatment. Second, engineered EVs can be artificially pre-loaded with any necessary biomolecular cargo or even therapeutic drugs to treat a variety of human diseases such as cancers, neurological diseases, and cardiovascular ailments. Further research is necessary to improve logistical challenges in large-scale engineered EV manufacturing, but current developments in engineered EVs prove promising to greatly improve therapeutic treatment for traditionally difficult to treat diseases.

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Engineered Extracellular Vesicle-Encapsuled Nanoreactors for Effective Targeting and Cascade Killing of Cancer Cells

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

Spatially Confined Nanoreactors Designed for Biological Applications

Spatially Confined Nanoreactors Designed for Biological Applications

Clinical Impact of Exosomes in Colorectal Cancer Metastasis

Engineered Extracellular Vesicles: Emerging Therapeutic Strategies for Translational Applications

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