Engineered Fe(OH)₃ nanoparticle-coated and rhBMP-2-releasing PLGA microsphere scaffolds for promoting bone regeneration by facilitating cell homing and osteogenic differentiation

Abstract

Iron facilitates cell homing and enhances the capacity of rhBMP-2.

Application of bioactive metal ions in the treatment of bone defects

“…112 The safe and effective therapeutic concentration of metal ions should be achieved by controlling their release rate. 113,114 There are many methods Reproduced with permission of Elsevier. 101 to carry metal ions; for example, common loading methods include mixing with mechanical scaffold material, incorporating it into a hydrogel, coating with scaffold, and loading with a porous microsphere.…”

Mechanistically Scoping Cell‐Free and Cell‐Dependent Artificial Scaffolds in Rebuilding Skeletal and Dental Hard Tissues

“…[ 168,176 ] Studies also confirmed the effect of other metal ions on cell proliferation, such as magnesium, which is the second most metallic element in human body. [ 177,178 ] Furthermore, Fe(OH) 3 nanoparticles incorporated into PLGA scaffolds exhibited a positive impact on BMSCs proliferation, as reported by Zhang et al [ 179 ]…”

“…[168,176] Studies also confirmed the effect of other metal ions on cell proliferation, such as magnesium, which is the second most metallic element in human body. [177,178] Furthermore, Fe(OH) 3 nanoparticles incorporated into PLGA scaffolds exhibited a positive impact on BMSCs proliferation, as reported by Zhang et al [179] The functional groups of biomaterials can also play an important role in improving adhesion and proliferation of cells. One of the most investigated representatives is graphene and its derivative GO, which have been applied in hard tissue engineering for a long time.…”

Microgel assembly: Fabrication, characteristics and application in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine

“…Integration of various biophysical/biochemical cues into microgels or utilization of signaling factors secreted by encapsulated cells or peripheral tissue cells may help to promote microgel assembly spatio-temporally in vivo. In addition, there is few researches on the combination of microgels with other subunits, such as bioactive inorganic microspheres, solid polymer microspheres, cell spheres and decellularized ECM microspheres, which may address the disadvantages of pure microgel assembly [ [88] , [89] , [90] , [91] ]; (4) Most of the present studies are focusing on the fabrication and primary biological characterization of proof-of-concept microgels and microgel assembly, the inherent connections between the properties of individual microgel (e.g., size, crosslinking density, stiffness, etc.) and those of as-formed microgel assembly (e.g., porosity, viscoelasticity, mechanical strength, etc.)…”