Engineered silica nanoparticles as additives in lubricant oils

López, Teresa Díaz-Faes; González, Alfonso Fernández; Reguero, Ángel Del; Matos, María; Dı́az-Garcı́a, Marta Elena; Badía‐Laiño, Rosana

doi:10.1088/1468-6996/16/5/055005

Cited by 31 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…As nanolubricants require a long time to become stable, methods have been reported to examine dispersion in time. The widely used method is visual inspection [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. The lubricant dispersed with nanoparticles is visually different compared to a lubricant.…”

Section: Dispersion Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dispersion of Nanoparticles in Lubricating Oil: A Critical Review

2019

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Nanolubricants have attracted great interest due to the promise of friction and wear reduction by introducing nanoparticles. To date, the foremost challenge for developing a new nanolubricant is particle suspension. To understand the mechanisms of nanoparticle dispersion and identify bottlenecks, we conducted a comprehensive review of published literature and carried out an analysis of dispersion based on available data from the past 20 years. This research has led to three findings. First, there are two primary methods in dispersion: formulation with dispersant and surface modification. Second, surfactant and alkoxysilanes are primary chemical groups used for surface modification. Third, functionalization using surfactant is found to be suitable for nanoparticles smaller than 50 nm. For larger particles (>50 nm), alkoxysilanes are the best. The existence of a critical size has not been previously known. To better understand these three findings, we conducted an analysis using a numerical calculation based on colloidal theory. It revealed that a minimal thickness of the grafted layer in surfactant-modified nanoparticles was responsible for suspending small nanoparticles. For larger nanoparticles (>50 nm), they were suitable for silanization of alkoxysilane due to increased grafting density. This research provides new understanding and guidelines to disperse nanoparticle in a lubricating oil.

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Section: Dispersion Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…APTEOS [17,124] or DETAS [16,40] was used in this process. The second step was to bond a carboxylic acid surfactant, such as lauric acid [17] or stearic acid [16,40,124], to the amino group. This method grafted long alkyl chains on the silica surface without the use of expensive ODTS (octadecyltrichlorosilane).…”

Section: Other Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersion of Nanoparticles in Lubricating Oil: A Critical Review

2019

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“…Silica is widely used as additives in lubricant oils in machineries and motorised vehicles. Nano-lubricants are extensively used to reduce the friction, heat and wear between mechanical components (López et. al, 2015).…”

Section: Silica Dioxide Nanoparticles In Lubricants Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on properties and applications of nano clay, silica dioxide and titanium oxide

Sharudin

Azhar

Shayuti

et al. 2021

MJCET

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Nanoparticles have recently been used as fillers or additives in materials for different desired applications. Due to the environmental concerns and rising of nanomaterials usages worldwide, nanoparticles have been focused in research and development. An increase in consumption is indicated by various applications of nanomaterials for both commercial and domestic applications. Nanoparticles own special physical and chemical properties which help in modifying performance of materials or final products. The characterisation of nanoparticles includes crystallographic structure, surface morphology, particles’ size and functional groups. Nano clays and metal oxides of titanium and silica are selected nanoparticles to be discussed on their properties that affect the performance of materials. Along with the studies investigating the properties of the nanoparticles, an interesting concern is to discover the changes in properties of materials when nanoparticles are being added. Properties include mechanical, thermal and physiochemical are improved due to the presence of the nanoparticles in the materials’ matrices, thus existing the applications for the food packaging, the lubricant oils and as the antimicrobial agent. This paper reviews the physical and chemical properties of nano clay, silica oxide and titanium oxide as well as the enhanced properties of materials when being filled with nanoparticles in specific applications.

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“…Nanoparticles and materials in nanoscale have a gained great deal of attention in the last two decades due to their unique and special properties which are not shown by bulk materials, they have several applications in many fields such as catalysts [1], solar [2], optoelectronic and imaging [3], and thin film coating [4,5]. Recently, nanomaterials have been used in lubricant as additives to improve its physical and tribological properties rather than pure lubricant [6][7][8][9][10]. Bhaumik et al investi gated the wear reduction of CuO nanoparticles additives in mineral oil using pin on disk apparatus and they observed that (0.2 wt %) of CuO nanoparticles decreased the fraction coefficient by (28.5%) and reduced the wear rate by (70%) as compared with pure mineral oil [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Twist et al reported that pyrazolepyridine silver complex is evaluated as friction reducing agent and antiwear additives in engine oil at temperature which thermally degrades the base oil [8]. Grafting hydrophobic SiO2 nanoparticles used by López et al as a lubricant additive and they found these nanoparticles reduce drastically the waste of energy in fraction process and more environmentally friendly than other additives [9]. Ratoi et al in another study proposed the mechanism of using WS2 as a lubricant additive in high pressure contacts and they observed a uniform tribofilm was generated lead to reduce both fraction and wear in high pressure sliding contacts [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-evaluation of Lubricant Oil Specifications Using Surface Modified Alumina Nanoadditives

et al. 2018

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Small size 3±0.5nm alumina (Al2O3) nanoparticles have been prepared using control precipitation method in aqueous solution. Aluminum nitrate and ammonium carbonate were added to heated distilled water. Aluminum hydroxide was formed and calcined at 550 o C to produce boehmite (ɤ-Al2O3) nanoparticles. The novelty of this work is the surface modification of the formed ɤ-Al2O3 nanoparticles, characterized by their low cost, ease production, high melting point, corrosion resistance, high strength, chemical stability, low thermal conductivity and good electrical insulation properties by using oleic acid as a coupling agent to avoid the disadvantage of using nanomaterials as additives to lubricant oils due to their agglomeration to enhance the lubricant oil specifications. With three concentrations of surface modified Al2O3 nanoparticles, an improvement for physical properties of lubricant oil was observed. Lubricant with 0.05 wt% of surface modified Al2O3 nanoparticles has not applicable change in viscosity and has notable improvement in flash point, pour point, thermal stability and antiwear ability by rates 4.3%, 150%, 33% and 9.4%, respectively. Surface modification process for alumina provides a suitable dispersion of nanoparticles inside lubricant oil. In conclusion, alumina nanoadditives enhance the lubricant base-oil specification that introduces a leap for lubricant industry.

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Engineered silica nanoparticles as additives in lubricant oils

Cited by 31 publications

References 43 publications

Dispersion of Nanoparticles in Lubricating Oil: A Critical Review

Dispersion of Nanoparticles in Lubricating Oil: A Critical Review

A review on properties and applications of nano clay, silica dioxide and titanium oxide

Re-evaluation of Lubricant Oil Specifications Using Surface Modified Alumina Nanoadditives

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