Engineered Structured Sorbents for the Adsorption of Carbon Dioxide and Water Vapor from Manned Spacecraft Atmospheres: Applications and Testing 2008/2009

Howard, David E.; Perry, Jay L.; Knox, James C.; Junaedi, Christian

doi:10.4271/2009-01-2444

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The most recent development work successfully scaled up the IBD component by a factor of ~9 to accommodate 140 standard liter/minute (slpm) flow conditions. This flow condition is consistent with that used during single Microlith ® module testing accomplished by Howard et al 10 Developmental results have provided valuable information regarding temperature dynamics resulting from cyclic sorption processes, subsequent effects on performance, and how adverse performance effects can be negated by altering cycle times and relative adsorption/desorption pressures. Ultimately, process controls were defined that resulted in performance that significantly exceeded the performance goals and expanded IBD application to a greater variety of process technologies that require a dry process air feed stream.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…These results were compared to test data from individual modules as reported in Ref. 10, and effects due to integrated module operations were identified.…”

Section: A Combined Module Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These modules had previously been tested alone and results were reported in Ref. 10. Results from IBD component scale-up and performance testing as well as integrated Microlith ® module testing are presented and discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance Evaluation of Engineered Structured Sorbents for Atmosphere Revitalization Systems on Board Crewed Space Vehicles and Habitats

Howard

Perry

Knox³

et al. 2011

41st International Conference on Environmental Systems

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Engineered structured (ES) sorbents are being developed to meet the technical challenges of future crewed space exploration missions. ES sorbents offer the inherent performance and safety attributes of zeolite and other physical adsorbents but with greater structural integrity and process control to improve durability and efficiency over packed beds. ES sorbent techniques that are explored include thermally linked and pressure-swing adsorption beds for water-save dehumidification and sorbent-coated metal meshes for residual drying, trace contaminant control, and carbon dioxide control. Results from sub-scale performance evaluations of a thermally linked pressure-swing adsorbent bed and an integrated sub-scale ES sorbent system are discussed. Nomenclature

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…These results were compared to test data from individual modules as reported in Ref. 10, and effects due to integrated module operations were identified.…”

Section: A Combined Module Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance Evaluation of Engineered Structured Sorbents for Atmosphere Revitalization Systems on Board Crewed Space Vehicles and Habitats

Howard

Perry

Knox³

et al. 2011

41st International Conference on Environmental Systems

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Developments in Atmosphere Revitalization Modeling and Simulation

Knox

Kittredge

Xoker

et al. 2012

42nd International Conference on Environmental Systems

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"NASA's Advanced Exploration Systems (AES) program is pioneering new approaches for rapidly developing prototype systems, demonstrating key capabilities, and validating operational concepts for future human missions beyond Earth orbit" (NASA 2012). These forays beyond the confines of earth's gravity will place unprecedented demands on launch systems. They must not only blast out of earth's gravity well as during the Apollo moon missions, but also launch the supplies needed to sustain a crew over longer periods for exploration missions beyond earth's moon. Thus all spacecraft systems, including those for the separation of metabolic carbon dioxide and water from a crewed vehicle, must be minimized with respect to mass, power, and volume. Emphasis is also placed on system robustness both to minimize replacement parts and ensure crew safety when a quick return to earth is not possible. Current efforts are focused on improving the current state-of-the-art systems utilizing fixed beds of sorbent pellets by evaluating structured sorbents, seeking more robust pelletized sorbents, and examining alternate bed configurations to improve system efficiency and reliability. These development efforts combine testing of sub-scale systems and multi-physics computer simulations to evaluate candidate approaches, select the best performing options, and optimize the configuration of the selected approach, which is then implemented in a full-scale integrated atmosphere revitalization test. This paper describes the development of atmosphere revitalization models and simulations. A companion paper discusses the hardware design and sorbent screening and characterization effort in support of the Atmosphere Revitalization Recovery and Environmental Monitoring (ARREM) project within the AES program. I. Nomenclature

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Development of Carbon Dioxide Removal Systems for Advanced Exploration Systems

Knox

Gostowski

Watson

et al. 2012

42nd International Conference on Environmental Systems

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"NASA's Advanced Exploration Systems (AES) program is pioneering new approaches for rapidly developing prototype systems, demonstrating key capabilities, and validating operational concepts for future human missions beyond Earth orbit" (NASA 2012). These forays beyond the confines of earth's gravity will place unprecedented demands on launch systems. They must not only blast out of earth's gravity well as during the Apollo moon missions, but also launch the supplies needed to sustain a crew over longer periods for exploration missions beyond earth's moon. Thus all spacecraft systems, including those for the separation of metabolic carbon dioxide and water from a crewed vehicle, must be minimized with respect to mass, power, and volume. Emphasis is also placed on system robustness both to minimize replacement parts and ensure crew safety when a quick return to earth is not possible. Current efforts are focused on improving the current state-of-the-art systems utilizing fixed beds of sorbent pellets by seeking more robust pelletized sorbents, evaluating structured sorbents, and examining alternate bed configurations to improve system efficiency and reliability. These development efforts combine testing of sub-scale systems and multi-physics computer simulations to evaluate candidate approaches, select the best performing options, and optimize the configuration of the selected approach, which is then implemented in a full-scale integrated atmosphere revitalization test. This paper describes the carbon dioxide (CO2) removal hardware design and sorbent screening and characterization effort in support of the Atmosphere Resource Recovery and Environmental Monitoring (ARREM) project within the AES program. A companion paper discusses development of atmosphere revitalization models and simulations for this project.

show abstract

Engineered Structured Sorbents for the Adsorption of Carbon Dioxide and Water Vapor from Manned Spacecraft Atmospheres: Applications and Testing 2008/2009

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Performance Evaluation of Engineered Structured Sorbents for Atmosphere Revitalization Systems on Board Crewed Space Vehicles and Habitats

Performance Evaluation of Engineered Structured Sorbents for Atmosphere Revitalization Systems on Board Crewed Space Vehicles and Habitats

Developments in Atmosphere Revitalization Modeling and Simulation

Development of Carbon Dioxide Removal Systems for Advanced Exploration Systems

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