Engineering 400G for Colorless-Directionless-Contentionless Architecture in Metro/Regional Networks [Invited]

Abstract

Metro/regional networks are beginning the transition from 10 to 100 Gb∕s on dispersion unmanaged optical links. Long-haul networks have a head start in the move to all-coherent networking and have popularized route-and-select-based node designs and colorless, directionless, and contentionless add/drop structures. Both metro and long-haul coherent networks are expected to support future 400 Gb∕s transmission. This paper examines the node architecture and 400G transmission options for coherent metro networks with the distinctive characteristics of short spans and high optical filtering penalties. Reach results are derived for signals based on 100, 200, and 400 Gb∕s superchannels. Additionally, blocking probabilities are reported for two approaches to nodal add/drop architecture. The results provide a clear direction for metro/regional node and network architecture decisions.

Software Defined Optical Networks (SDONs): A Comprehensive Survey

“…In general, the ROADM designs consist of an express bank that interconnects the input and output ports coming from/leading to other ROADMs, and an add-drop bank that connects the express bank with the local receivers for dropped wavelength channels or transmitters for added wavelength channels. The recent designs have focused on the adddrop bank and explored different arrangements of wavelength selective switches and multicast switches to provide add-drop bank functionality with the CDC property [168], [169].…”

“…Contentionless ROADM operation means that any port can be routed on any wavelength (color) in any direction without causing resource contention. Designs for such Colorless-Directionless-Contentionless (CDC) ROADMs have been proposed in [168], [169]. In general, the ROADM designs consist of an express bank that interconnects the input and output ports coming from/leading to other ROADMs, and an add-drop bank that connects the express bank with the local receivers for dropped wavelength channels or transmitters for added wavelength channels.…”

Architecture and Design of Coarse/Fine Hybrid Granular Routing Optical Networks

“…The spectrum narrowing problem will be more and more serious as optical paths traverse more WSSs. First, the expansion of the transparent transmission area over core/metro networks will increase the number of nodes traversed by an optical path; a large number of nodes are included in such networks, and accordingly the number of nodes traversed by a path may reach 20 to 30 [6]. Second, since the traffic growth rate surpasses the fiber capacity enhancement, the number of fibers on each link inevitably increases, which triggers substantial ROADM node scale expansion.…”

Influence of the nonlinear propagation effect on the optical signal-to-noise ratio of 400G optical fiber communication systems

“…At present, there is no common standard for the modulation formats of 400G systems. Four-carrier QPSK (four-QPSK), dual-carrier 16QAM (dual-16QAM), and singlecarrier 16QAM (single-16QAM) [19][20][21] are three of the most possible strategies for 400G system in the next generation of commercial optical fiber communication systems. There are a lot of experimental investigations about the performance of 400G systems [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] ; however, few works think about how noises influence 400G signals, especially, and few works have compared the noises of 400G systems with different modulation formats.…”