Engineering Antioxidative Cascade Metal-Phenolic Nanozymes for Alleviating Oxidative Stress during Extracorporeal Blood Purification

Abstract

Oxidative stress is a compelling risk factor in chronic kidney diseases and is further aggravated for individuals during extracorporeal blood purification, ultimately leading to multiple complications. Herein, antioxidative cascade metal-phenolic nanozymes (metal-tannic acid nanozymes, M-TA NMs) are synthesized via metal ions-mediated oxidative coupling of polyphenols; then M-TA NMs engineered hemoperfusion microspheres (Cu-TAn@PMS) are constructed for alleviating oxidative stress. M-TA NMs show adjustable broad-spectrum antioxidative activities toward multiple reactive nitrogen and oxygen species (RNOS) due to the adjustable catalytic active centers. Importantly, M-TA NMs could mimic the cascade processes of superoxide dismutase and catalase to maintain intracellular redox balance. Detailed structural and spectral analyses reveal that the existence of a transition metal could decrease the electronic energy band gaps of M-TA NMs to offer better electron transfers for RNOS scavenging. Notably, dynamic blood experiments demonstrate that Cu-TAn@PMS could serve as an antioxidant defense system for blood in hemoperfusion to scavenge intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) effectively even in the complex blood environment and further protect endogenous antioxidative enzymes and molecules. In general, this work developed antioxidative cascade nanozymes engineered microspheres with excellent therapeutic efficacy for the treatment of oxidative stress-related diseases, which exhibited potential for clinical blood purification and extended the biomedical applications of nanozymes.

Polyphenol-assisted albumin-based biomineralization nanocarriers with NIR-II-targeted photothermal performance towards broad-spectrum radical scavenging

“…Thus, the scavenging ability of TA-BSA@CuS to H 2 O 2 was evaluated according to the TiSO 4 method. 17 The clear effect of H 2 O 2 is shown in Fig. 5(e) and Fig.…”

“…Meanwhile, the lower binding energies at 951.9 eV (2p1/2) and 932.0 eV (2p3/2) indicate the existence of Cu + or Cu, which is due to the redox reaction during the synthesis of TA-BSA@CuS. 17 Furthermore, the X-ray Auger spectra of Cu LMM (Fig. 2(f)) were deconvoluted into three peaks of Cu 2+ (571.2 eV), Cu + (568.5 eV), and Cu (565.9 eV), further demonstrating that a redox reaction occurs during the synthetic process of TA-BSA@CuS.…”

“…As the most representative polyphenol, tannic acid (TA) was employed to interact with Cu 2+ firstly to form a metal-polyphenol network (Cu-MPNs), which could achieve multiple ROS scavenging. 2,17,18 Then, bovine serum albumin (BSA) was added into the as-prepared Cu-MPN solution as a bio-template to form a CuS core (denoted as TA-BSA@CuS), [19][20][21][22][23] which showed the typical NIR-II window (1000-1500 nm) response. The coordination between TA and Cu 2+ could induce the formation of Cu defects and CuO doping on the CuS core, and thereby obviously enhancing the absorption of the nanoparticles in the NIR-II region.…”

Anticoagulant Macromolecules

“…At present, in order to solve the problem of donor scarcity and immune rejection associated with renal transplantation in uremia treatment, there is a series of available blood purification technologies: hemodialysis (HD), hemofiltration (HF), hemoperfusion (HP), and so on. These technologies can filter patients’ blood and remove toxins in vitro and greatly enrich the treatment options for chronic renal failure. − …”

Research Progress in Oxygen Carrier Design and Application

“…In recent years, the metal phenolic network (MPN) as a semipermeable supramolecular noncovalent coordination nanomembrane has received extensive attention. MPNs composed of different metal ions and phenolic ligands exhibit excellent functional tunability, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties . The Hosta-Rigau group reported a simple coating method based on the self-assembly of coordination complex MPNs: synthesis of MPNs using tannic acid (TA) and Fe 3+ cross-linkers .…”