Engineering aspects of immobilized lipases on esterification: A special emphasis of crowding, confinement and diffusion effects

Abstract

Cross‐linked enzyme crystal (CLEC) and sol‐gel entrapped pseudomonas sp. lipase were investigated for the esterification of lauric acid with ethanol by considering the effects of reaction conditions on reaction rate. The activation energy for the reaction was estimated to be 1097.58 J/mol and 181.75 J/mol for sol‐gel and CLEC entrapped lipase respectively. CLEC lipase exhibited a marginal internal diffusion effect on reaction rate over sol‐gel lipases and found to be interesting. The overall reaction mechanism was found to conform to the Ping Pong Bi Bi mechanism. The higher efficiency of sol‐gel lipases over CLEC lipases in esterification reaction is mainly due to the combined effects of crowding, confinement and diffusional limitations.

Advancement in biogas production from the solid waste by optimizing the anaerobic digestion

“…Out of four steps, hydrolysis works as the rate-determining step due to the presence of bulkier molecules (e.g. lipids, polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids, and lignin) and it needs more time [64,65]. The product formed in the hydrolysis further split during acidogenesis and acetogenesis.…”

“…The partial pressure in an AD changed with temperature change, hence it influences the kinetics of the syntrophic metabolic reaction. Thermodynamically high temperature favors high solubility of the organic compounds, chemical, biological reaction, and degradation of larger molecules into smaller ones [64,65]. The two functional temperature zones identified in an AD are based on active methanogenic microorganisms [94].…”