Engineering Maxwell’s demon

Lu, Zhiyue; Mandal, Dibyendu; Jarzynski, Christopher

doi:10.1063/pt.3.2490

Cited by 66 publications

(65 citation statements)

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“…In general, it relates the probability to observe variations of a certain fluctuating variable proceding forward in time to that of observing its change in a time-reversed process [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] and permits to comprehend how irreversibility emerges from the reversible dynamics [24][25][26]. The correctness of the different variants of the fluctuation theorem have been verified in the case of many experimental protocols [27][28][29][30][31][32], as well as theoretical models [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46], for the systems that operate on the mesoscopic scales. Here, we use the method of numerical simulations and argue that the stationary distributions of the probability fluxes converge to the Gaussian function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steady-state distributions of probability fluxes on complex networks

Chelminiak

Kurzynski

2017

Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications

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The methodology based on the random walk processes is adapted and applied to a comprehensive analysis of the statistical properties of the probability fluxes. To this aim we define a simple model of the Markovian stochastic dynamics on a complex network extended by the additional transition, called hereafter the gate. The random skips through the gate, driven by the external constant force, violate the detailed balance in the network. We argue, using a theoretical approach and numerical simulations, that the stationary distributions of the probability fluxes emergent under such conditions converge, regardless of the network topology, to the normal distribution. This result, combined with the stationary fluctuation theorem, permits to show that its standard deviation depends directly on the square root of the average flux. In turn, the central result of our paper relates this quantity to the external constant force and the two parameters that entirely characterize the normal distribution of the probability fluxes both close to as well as far from the equilibrium state. Also, the other effects that modify these parameters, such as the addition of shortcuts to the tree-like network, the extension and configuration of the gate and a change in the network size studied by means of the computer simulations are widely discussed in terms of the rigorous theoretical predictions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steady-state distributions of probability fluxes on complex networks

Chelminiak

Kurzynski

2017

Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications

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“…The enzyme system [38] is less artificial than the mechanical models [31][32][33] and has been studied extensively. The experimental techniques accumulated in the field of enzyme kinetics will facilitate the realization of the Maxwell's thought experiment.…”

Section: Molecular Pumps In Biological Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, it has become a goal for many physicists to build an "autonomous" information machine, which can rectify the thermal fluctuations and mimic what Maxwell has conceived but without involving any intelligent being. Along this line, an autonomous information engine model [31,32] and an autonomous information refrigerator model [33] have been proposed. Also, an optical MD, which can reduce the entropy of the atoms at the expense of increasing the entropy of scattered photons has been explored [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamics of information processing based on enzyme kinetics: An exactly solvable model of an information pump

2015

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Motivated by the recent proposed models of the information engine [D. Mandal and C. Jarzynski, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 109, 11641 (2012)] and the information refrigerator [D. Mandal, H. T. Quan, and C. Jarzynski, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 030602 (2013)], we propose a minimal model of the information pump and the information eraser based on enzyme kinetics. This device can either pump molecules against the chemical potential gradient by consuming the information encoded in the bit stream or (partially) erase the information encoded in the bit stream by consuming the Gibbs free energy. The dynamics of this model is solved exactly, and the "phase diagram" of the operation regimes is determined. The efficiency and the power of the information machine is analyzed. The validity of the second law of thermodynamics within our model is clarified. Our model offers a simple paradigm for the investigating of the thermodynamics of information processing involving the chemical potential in small systems.

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“…Information ratchets [21,54] are thermodynamic implementations of information transducers [25] that sequentially transform an input symbol string into an output string. As generalized input-output machines, these devices have been used as autonomous information engines or erasers [20,21], refrigerators [55], pattern generators [27,53], random number generators [31], and self-correcting correlation-powered engines [24].…”

Section: Information Transducers: Localized Processorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamics of Modularity: Structural Costs Beyond the Landauer Bound

2018

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Information processing typically occurs via the composition of modular units, such as the universal logic gates found in discrete computation circuits. The benefit of modular information processing, in contrast to globally integrated information processing, is that complex computations are more easily and flexibly implemented via a series of simpler, localized information processing operations that only control and change local degrees of freedom. We show that, despite these benefits, there are unavoidable thermodynamic costs to modularity-costs that arise directly from the operation of localized processing and that go beyond Landauer's bound on the work required to erase information. Localized operations are unable to leverage global correlations, which are a thermodynamic fuel. We quantify the minimum irretrievable dissipation of modular computations in terms of the difference between the change in global nonequilibrium free energy, which captures these global correlations, and the local (marginal) change in nonequilibrium free energy, which bounds modular work production. This modularity dissipation is proportional to the amount of additional work required to perform a computational task modularly, measuring a structural energy cost. It determines the thermodynamic efficiency of different modular implementations of the same computation, and so it has immediate consequences for the architecture of physically embedded transducers, known as information ratchets. Constructively, we show how to circumvent modularity dissipation by designing internal ratchet states that capture the information reservoir's global correlations and patterns. Thus, there are routes to thermodynamic efficiency that circumvent globally integrated protocols and instead reduce modularity dissipation to optimize the architecture of computations composed of a series of localized operations.

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Engineering Maxwell’s demon

Abstract: A simple model illustrates the operating principles of an information engine, a mechanical device that mimics the behavior of Maxwell’s demon by converting heat into information plus work.

Cited by 66 publications

References 0 publications

Steady-state distributions of probability fluxes on complex networks

Steady-state distributions of probability fluxes on complex networks

Thermodynamics of information processing based on enzyme kinetics: An exactly solvable model of an information pump

Thermodynamics of Modularity: Structural Costs Beyond the Landauer Bound

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