Engineering nanolayered particles for modular drug delivery

Abstract

Layer-by-layer (LbL) based self-assembly of nanoparticles is an emerging and powerful method to develop multifunctional and tissue responsive nanomedicines for a broad range of diseases. This unique assembly technique is able to confer a high degree of modularity, versatility, and compositional heterogeneity to nanoparticles via the sequential deposition of alternately charged polyelectrolytes onto a colloidal template. LbL assembly can provide added functionality by directly incorporating a range of functional materials within the multilayers including nucleic acids, synthetic polymers, polypeptides, polysaccharides, and functional proteins. These materials can be used to generate hierarchically complex, heterogeneous thin films on an extensive range of both traditional and novel nanoscale colloidal templates, providing the opportunity to engineer highly precise systems capable of performing the numerous tasks required for systemic drug delivery. In this review, we will discuss the recent advancements towards the development of LbL nanoparticles for drug delivery and diagnostic applications, with a special emphasis on the incorporation of biostability, active targeting, desirable drug release kinetics, and combination therapies into LbL nanomaterials. In addition to these topics, we will touch upon the next steps for the translation of these systems towards the clinic.

Cell Isolation and Recovery Using Hollow Glass Microspheres Coated with Nanolayered Films for Applications in Resource-Limited Settings

“…30 The film is assembled via the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly approach, a technique widely used for developing thin films with defined nanostructures on planar surfaces as well as on microsphere or nanoparticles. [31][32][33][34] The coatings consist of an enzymatically degradable base-layer and a top layer conjugated with antibodies targeting surface proteins on the target cell. Efforts to adapt…”

Synthesis and characterization of innovative poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-(poly-l-ornithine/fucoidan) core–shell nanocarriers by layer-by-layer self-assembly

“…PLGA-(PLO/fucoidan) 4 NPs were prepared by repeating the process successively for multiple times. Herewith, we have repeated the layers for different times and the samples were named as PLGA-(PLO/fucoidan) 0.5 NPs, PLGA-(PLO/fucoidan) 1 NPs, PLGA-(PLO/fucoidan) 1.5 NPs, etc. Similarly, the DOX-PLGA NPs were also prepared following the above process to deposit multi-layered polymers.…”

“…The detection sensitivity of this kit is higher than other tetrazolium salts. We have performed both dose as well as time dependent inhibition rate, with increasing doses (1,5,10,25, and 50 mg mL…”

“…1 Kotov et al had made a signicant contribution towards this process, by demonstrating a versatile method of LbL self-assembly of polycations and semiconductor nanoparticles (NPs) into stable ultrathin lms. 2 Decher also made an important breakthrough in this technology using ionized polyelectrolytes i.e., poly(styrene sulfonate) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride) deposited as multi-layers through electrostatic attraction on the solid base.…”

Nanomedicines for renal disease: current status and future applications

“…Monoclonal antibodies took decades to gain significant momentum; similarly, the broad impact of nanotechnology-based therapeutics will become more apparent as these technologies mature 15 . Exciting developments in NP design, such as the generation of building blocks that release drugs in response to stimuli from the disease environment (such as increased enzymatic activity, the presence of reactive oxygen species or lowered pH) or to externally delivered stimuli (such as heat or ultrasound), are laying the foundations for ‘prompted’ and ‘modular’ drug delivery 16–23 . Additionally, the ability to co-deliver synergistic therapeutics will further enlarge the arsenal of nanomedicines for the treatment of a variety of diseases and facilitate important combination therapies 24,25 .…”