Engineering of Silicon Core‐Shell Structures for Li‐ion Anodes

Abstract

The amount of silicon in anode materials for Li‐ion batteries is still limited by the huge volume changes during charge‐discharge cycles. Such changes lead to the loss of electrical contacts, as well as mechanical and surface electrolyte interphase (SEI) instabilities, strongly reducing the cycle life. Core‐shell structures have attracted a vast research interest due to the possibility of modifying some properties with a judicious choice of the shell. It is, for example, possible to improve the electronic conductivity and ionic diffusion, or buffer volume variations. This review gives a comprehensive overview of the recent developments and the different strategies used for the design, synthesis and electrochemical performance of silicon‐based core‐shells. It is based on a selection of the main types of silicon coatings reported in the literature, including carbon, inorganic, organic and double‐layer coatings, Finally, a summary of the advantages and drawbacks of these different types of core‐shells as anode materials for Li‐ion batteries and some insightful suggestions in regards to their use are provided.

Bio‐Inspired Electrodes with Rational Spatiotemporal Management for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

“…[ 256 , 270 ] The main types of silicon coatings include inorganic, organic, carbon, binder materials and double layer coatings. [ 32 , 271 , 272 ] The emerging binder is elastic and adhesive, enabling it to accommodate the significant volume changes of the Si anode while maintaining its structural integrity. [ 273 ] Through a codissolution method, the optimized binder and electrolyte can develop a nanolayer on the surface of Si, facilitated by beneficial functional groups.…”

Progressive Damage Analysis for Spherical Electrode Particles with Different Protective Structures for a Lithium-Ion Battery

“…radius radius radius radius radius radius (15) Substituting eq 15 into eq 14 obtains the constants: where R radius is the radius of the spherical electrode.…”

“…That is, a layer of protective material is coated on the surface of the active electrode, forming a core−shell structure. This structure has three advantages: (1) Avoid the direct contact between the active electrode and the electrolyte solution and thus reduce electrochemical side reactions; 15,16 (2) Combine the advantages of multiple materials within a composite structure. This can improve the overall physical-chemical properties; 17 (3) Structurally constrain the volumetric deformation of the active electrode, thus inducing local strain.…”

Enhancing the Stability and Initial Coulombic Efficiency of Silicon Anodes through Coating with Glassy ZIF-4

“…However, it is difficult to obtain uniform polymer coatings due to disorderly stacked polymer clews and agglomerates, resulting in penetration of the electrolyte toward the silicon surface. The case of porous carbon shells has received a lot of attention due to their electrical conductivity, cost-effectiveness, and flexibility [ 25 ]. However, porous carbon has a large surface area that allows for irreversible reactions that cause lithium consumption, dramatically reducing the initial efficiency of the batteries [ 26 , 27 ].…”