Engineering Optics 2.0: A Revolution in Optical Materials, Devices, and Systems

Luo, Xiangang

doi:10.1021/acsphotonics.8b01036

Cited by 102 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 153 publications

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“…It indicates that the magnetic resonance–assisted interference shows great advantages on ideal phase modulations with increased degrees of freedom in nonlinear phase manipulations, which is typically suitable for broadband applications. Besides, the electric field distributions in the metasurface can be well described by the catenary function as shown in Figure S2 in the Supporting Information, which is consistent with the recently proposed catenary optics and electromagnetics . Akin to the ECT, the catenary theory offers a new interpretation to understand the physics behind light–matter interaction and dispersion in subwavelength scale.…”

Section: Design and Methodssupporting

confidence: 85%

Broadband Functional Metasurfaces: Achieving Nonlinear Phase Generation toward Achromatic Surface Cloaking and Lensing

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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implementation of wavefront manipulation relies on gradual phase changes accumulated along the optical path that causes bulky and heavy designs. Recently, by introducing abrupt phase changes at the interface (metasurface) between two media, the law of refraction and reflection can be modified to a generalized form. [2,3] As an artificially engineered ultrathin surface composed of subwavelength unit cells, metasurface (a 2D version of metamaterial) can control the electromagnetic field by localized full vectorial manipulation in terms of phase, amplitude, and polarization. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Many exotic phenomena and devices such as anomalous refraction, [3,11] superlens/hyperlens, [12,13] and meta-hologram [14] have been realized in a wide range of frequencies from microwave to optics.Even though many theoretical frameworks for metasurfaces have been introduced, perfect beam deflection with frequency-independent deflection angle has not been realized so far. A major drawback of almost all the metasurface-based devices, particularly the ones with spatially varying phase profiles like lenses or deflectors, is the chromatic aberration. Different from conventional reflective devices that are intrinsically achromatic, both refractive and reflective metasurfaces are highly chromatic in previously reported cases. [15][16][17][18] This can be attributed to the dispersive responses of unit cells as well as the different phase accumulations in free space at various frequencies. Early efforts have been devoted to solve this challenge by designing multiple unit cells working at discrete frequencies, [19] stacking multilayered metasurfaces, [20] or employing multiorder diffractions. [21] However, all these designs cannot achieve accurate wavefront manipulations in broadband. Recently, a polarization-dependent broadband design principle is proposed and verified by achieving an achromatic metalens. [22] Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) phase is used to produce a dispersive phase distribution in a wide frequency range and the resonant phase obtained by adjacent resonators in a unit cell is employed to compensate the former phase distribution. Although the combination of PB phase and resonant phase can achieve broadband achromatic focusing and imaging, the cascaded optical system for polarization selection will intrinsically Generalized law of refraction and reflection has enabled a tremendous amount of degrees of freedom for full vectorial electromagnetic manipulation with metasurfaces. However, owing to the fundamental limitations of bandwidth and efficiency, the implementation of such principle is still far from perfect as truly achromatic efficient wavefront manipulation has not been realized. Here, a design principle based on the generalized Gires-Tournois interference model and catenary electromagnetics theory is proposed that can achieve desired broadband dispersion engineering regardless of the incident polarizations. As a proof of concept, a surface cloak is fabricated and demonstrated with a large fractional bandwidth of mor...

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Section: Design and Methodssupporting

confidence: 85%

Broadband Functional Metasurfaces: Achieving Nonlinear Phase Generation toward Achromatic Surface Cloaking and Lensing

Huang

Zhang

et al. 2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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“…Plasmonic systems offer an appealing playground for the study of light–matter interactions, while providing alternative active photonic media for the development of new and more efficient devices . The confinement of collective electron oscillation near the surfaces of plasmonic nanostructures, known as localized surface plasmons (LSP) results in great enhancements of the local electric field around the particles at specific wavelengths, exploitable in manifold applications such as biosensing, waveguides, surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy, etc.…”

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confidence: 99%

High Spatial Resolution Mapping of Localized Surface Plasmon Resonances in Single Gallium Nanoparticles

Mata

Catalán‐Gómez

Nucciarelli

et al. 2019

Small

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materials, as certain semiconductor systems, [6] have been demonstrated to show plasmonic behavior, where the plasmon resonance is achieved by the excitation of interband transitions. [7] Among metals, noble metals as gold and silver have been the most extensively studied and exploited plasmonic systems, whose response lies on the VIS-IR spectral region. However, expanding the operability range up to the UV region is highly desirable to cover further applications, [8] which requires exploring alternative plasmonic materials.Within this context, few material systems optically active at the UV, as Mg, Al, or Ga are currently catching the attention of many research groups. [9,10] The ability to obtain these materials as colloidal suspensions offers a further advantage since it allows for their easy and cheap synthesis as nanostructures. Aluminum is an attractive choice as UV plasmonic material due to its bulk plasma frequency (15 eV) and earth abundance. [11] The strong interband transitions in Al, at about 1.5 eV, damp the possible resonances at that spectral range (NIR), while the material can support LSPR below and above that region. The short wavelengths of Al resonances (typically, 150-250 nm) become comparable to the nanoparticle (NP) size, leading to the emergence of higher order LSPRs. Regarding the spectral shape, the large linewidth of Al resonances as compared to noble metals can be understood through the modified long wavelength approximation, where the radiative damping scales with the cubed oscillation frequency (ω 3 ). [12] Although much less studied until date, Mg also shows UV plasmon resonances as consequence of its bulk plasma frequency, supporting IR resonances, too, in contrast to Al. Up to three different LSPR modes have been reported for Mg hexagonal nanoplates. [9] Another alternative UV plasmonic material is gallium (Ga), having a high bulk plasmon energy, at 14 eV; [13] exhibiting strong UV LSPR due to its negative real part of the electric function along with its low imaginary part of the dielectric function. Simple synthetic procedures allow obtaining gallium nanoparticles (Ga NPs) in a cost effective way such as thermal evaporation. The plasmonic response of the synthesized Ga NPs can be tuned, for instance, as function of their size and shape. [14][15][16] Thus, Ga NPs are among the ideal candidates to spread the application range of plasmonic systems suitable, for instance, for DNA sensing. [17] Plasmonics has emerged as an attractive field driving the development of optical systems in order to control and exploit light-matter interactions. The increasing interest around plasmonic systems is pushing the research of alternative plasmonic materials, spreading the operability range from IR to UV. Within this context, gallium appears as an ideal candidate, potentially active within a broad spectral range (UV-VIS-IR), whose optical properties are scarcely reported. Importantly, the smart design of active plasmonic materials requires their characterization at high spatial and spectral resolu...

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“…[ 21 ] In principle, metasurface is a versatile platform for the upcoming Engineering Optics 2.0. [ 22,23 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual‐Functional Metasurface toward Giant Linear and Circular Dichroism

Huang

Xie

et al. 2020

Advanced Optical Materials

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As a kind of artificial surface composed of subwavelength meta‐atoms, metasurface has shown great potential in full vectorial electromagnetic manipulation. Here, a dual‐functional metasurface that is capable of generating 97% linear dichroism and 87% circular dichroism in the infrared region is proposed. The two functionalities can be achieved simultaneously under incident light of vertical azimuthal angles. Subsequent simulations demonstrate that the giant dichroism is induced by symmetry breaking of the structure under oblique incidence. Compared with single‐functional metasurfaces, this device exhibits better performance and more functionalities without the sacrifice of compactness. It is believed that this dual‐functional metasurface with simple geometry can find many potential applications in various fields, ranging from analytical chemistry and imaging to sensing and spectroscopy.

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Engineering Optics 2.0: A Revolution in Optical Materials, Devices, and Systems

Cited by 102 publications

References 153 publications

Broadband Functional Metasurfaces: Achieving Nonlinear Phase Generation toward Achromatic Surface Cloaking and Lensing

Broadband Functional Metasurfaces: Achieving Nonlinear Phase Generation toward Achromatic Surface Cloaking and Lensing

High Spatial Resolution Mapping of Localized Surface Plasmon Resonances in Single Gallium Nanoparticles

Dual‐Functional Metasurface toward Giant Linear and Circular Dichroism

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